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Ulmus americana
This tree is subject to Dutch elm disease. Dutch elm disease has not been detected in Florida (IFAS 2008). In most of eastern North America, this tree
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, While Dutch elm disease has not been detected in Florida (IFAS, 2018), the planting practices that result in massive losses of street trees north of F
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Wildlife, Seeds used by birds in spring when little else is available.
Used for nesting.
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Habitat, Floodplain forest, wet mesic forests, hardwood swamps.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Interesting foliage
Larval host for: Eastern Comma (Polygonia comma), Question Mark (Polygonia interrogationis), Painted Lady (Vanessa ca
- Beautiful pinwheel flowers, often multicolored
- Very full crown
- Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
Andropogon gerardii
Sunny garden where a large, clumping grass is an asset. Noted for silvery-blue foliage that turns bronze in fall.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, If used in a garden, too much water, shade, or fertilizer can cause it to get top-heavy and fall over.
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Wildlife, Provides cover and seed for many species of songbirds.
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Habitat, Flatwoods, prairies.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
Larval host for the Delaware skipper (Anatrytone logan) and the dusted skipper (Atrytonopsis hianna).
- Attracts butterflies
- Self-shedding fronds
- Tall and stately
- Unique, stout pineapple-like trunk when young
Canella winterana
It is listed as Endangered by the state of Florida.
Understory tree. Use as screen or specimen plant.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Fruits eaten by birds and small mammals.
Hummingbirds visit the flowers.
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Habitat, Rockland hammock in coastal areas.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Nectar plant for Schaus' swallowtail (Heraclides aristodemius) and other butterflies.
- Cold tolerant
- Very full crown
- Fragrant in the evening
Erythronium umbilicatum
This species has a cold requirement. It cannot be grown successfully much south of its native range.
Early spring wildflower. Can be planted as a se
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Swamps, floodplains, wet flatwoods, bogs, savannas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Supports early pollinators, especially bees (https://gnps.org/plants/dimpled-trout-lily-erythronium-umbilicatum/).
- Attractive shade tree
- Elegant
- Narrow crown
- Killed by citrus greening (HLB)
Psychotria tenuifolia
Interesting silky-looking foliage.
Tallish groundcover in mesic (moist) areas. Can be planted in groupings in shady areas. Despite the name, the leav
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Wildlife, Dispersed by birds.
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Habitat, Dry mesic to mesic and hydric hammock, second bottom, shell mounds, floodplains.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Attracts bees and butterflies.
- Beautiful exotic foliage
- Attractive mottled bark
- Narrow enough for tight spaces
- Damaged by citrus canker
Torreya taxifolia
In the wild, Torreya is dying out due to disease. If choosing to plant this species, obtain disease-free (out-of-state) specimens and plant well-remov
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Disease. Do not plant in areas where the species grows naturally due to disease -- this means avoiding the bluffs along the Apalachicola River.
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Wildlife, Birds eat seeds.
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Habitat, Slope forest, upland hardwood forest. Rich wooded ravines.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Prolific fruiter
- Majestic, sprawling canopy
- Excellent small hedge
- Breathtaking
- Easy/Carefree native
Rhynchospora latifolia
This is a sedge. Most Rhynchospora species are wind pollinated. The white bracts of this species attract insects.
Wetland garden or informal savanna.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Savannas, wet prairies.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts bees and butterflies
- Beautiful shiny green leaves
- Ideal for smaller spaces
- Imposing stature
- Often hosts orchids, ferns and bromiliads
Penstemon multiflorus
This species is almost endemic to Florida. Its range overlaps into southern Georgia and southeastern Alabama.
The range includes all of Florida thoug
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Said by Bok Tower to sometimes attract hummingbirds.
Seeds likely dispersed by wind.
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Habitat, Dry flatwoods, sandhill, ruderal areas. Well-drained upland habitats
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Larval host to Baltimore checkerspot (Euphydryas phaeton)
Attracts bees.
- Wonderfully fragrant at night
- Breathtaking
- Stunning
- Prominant olive crownshaft
- Rare and unique
- Elegant appearance
Carpinus caroliniana
Retain if in the landscape. Can be used as a specimen plant in areas not subject to root disturbance.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Said to be difficult to transplant as it does not tolerate root disturbance. Grows slowly.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife eat the seeds but it is not a favorite.
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Habitat, River floodplains
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Did You Know?, Interesting bark, Fall color, Interesting foliage
Larval plant for tiger swallowtail (Papilio glaucus), striped hairstreak (Satyrium liparops), and r
- Attractive tiered canopy
- Cornerstone plant in South Florida
- Unique swollen blue-green to silver trunk
- Grows tall, but not massive
Vernonia angustifolia
Wildflower garden.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Habitat, Dry mesic to xeric pine flatwoods and dry open woods. Sandhills, secondary woods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attractive to native bees and other pollinators.
- Somewhat drought tolerant
- Prominent pale green or blue-gray crownshaft
- Moderately slow growth
- Majestic, sprawling canopy
- Deciduous
- Intoxicating fragrance
Ulmus rubra
This tree is subject to Dutch elm disease which is not know to occur in Florida as of 2018 (IFAS, 2018).
Medium shade tree for informal settings. Som
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Susceptible the Dutch elm disease.
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Wildlife, Seeds used by songbirds when little else is available. Used for nesting.
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Habitat, Rich mesic to dry mesic forests, wooded bluffs, calcareous soils.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Interesting foliage
Larval host for question mark butterfy (Polygonia interrogationis).
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Decorative diamond-shaped trunk pattern
- Can be kept narrow
- Excellent small to medium hedge
- Sometime grows horozontially
- Highly wind tolerant
Betula nigra
Noted for its shaggy, peeling salmon-colored bark. The natural form is a single-trunked tree, but multi-trunked cultivars are common. Southernmost bir
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Although native to floodplains, it is not tolerant of extended periods of flooding.
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Wildlife, Birds and small mammals consume seed.
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Habitat, River floodplains
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Did You Know?, Interesting bark, Fall color
Larval host for Mourning Cloak and Dreamy Duskywing butterflies
- Beautiful rounded dense canopy
- Abundance of orange-red flowers in summer
- Lush, dense shade tree
- Attractive light to medium green crownshaft
- Beautiful purple-brown crownshaft
- Excellent small hedge
