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Phoebanthus spp.
Not typically available commercially.
One (P. tenuifolius) in the panhandle,the other on the peninsula. P. tenuifolius is almost endemic (there is an
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Attracts birds when seeds are present.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Scrubby flatwoods, sandhill. P. grandifolorus: dry flatwoods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts bees and butterflies.
- Very showy bright yellow flowers
- Wonderfully fragrant flowers
- Available single or multi-stalked
Bletia purpurea
Retain if present in natural setting. Can be grown in a wildflower garden.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Pine rocklands, swampy forests on stumps and logs just above high water levels, in humus.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
The flowers do not produce nectar but use food deception to attract various bees including Euglossa, Thygater and Melipona, a genus of
- Width often exceeds height
- Raised diamond-shaped trunk pattern
- Colorful older leaves
- Attractive contrast between flowers and foliage
Litsea aestivalis
Litsea aestivalis is listed as Endangered by the State of Florida. Since that listing, the laurel wilt disease has come to Florida, and is known to k
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Fruits eaten by birds and mammals.
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Habitat, Near the edges of forested wetlands and some seasonal ponds wtih open centers.
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Did You Know?, Attracts flies and small bees.
A likely host for the spicebush swallowtail butterfly.
- Highly nutritious fruit
- Beautiful pinwheel flowers, often multicolored
- Cornerstone plant in South Florida
Ratibida pinnata
Its range in Florida is limited to only a couple of northern counties,.
Wildflower garden.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Attracts birds.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts bees and butterflies.
- Native
- Attractive symmetrical appearance
- Relatively uncommon in South Florida
- Cornerstone plant in South Florida
- Fragrant in the evening
Cornus asperifolia
Forms thickets. Best used as a screen or buffer plant.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds and small mammals consume the fruit.
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Habitat, Dry woods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Larval host for cecropia silkmoth (Hyalophora cecropia) and spring azure butterfly (Celastrina ladon).
Attracts long-tongued bees, sho
- Will not tolerate frost
- Killed by citrus greening (HLB)
- Moderately drought tolerant
- Prized scent, used in commercial perfumes
- Arched, recurving fronds
Scutellaria integrifolia
Salt tolerance has not been studied but it has been recorded (in New England) in salt marshes, suggesting tolerance of at least brackish water and lik
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, It's a prolific reseeder.
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Habitat, Upland mixed forests, flatwoods, sandhill, ruderal areas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Flowers attract pollinators, likely bees, flies, and/or butterflies and moths.
- Susceptible to breakage, even in moderate winds
- Fruit eaten by birds
- Edible, healthy fruit
- Can be grown indoors
Sideroxylon celastrinum
Hedge plant. Screen plant.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray would be uncommon (
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Considertions, Thorns.
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Wildlife, Fruit are eaten by birds and mammals. It provides nesting sites and cover. .
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Habitat, Coastal hammocks, salt flats.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage, Thorns, Hurricane wind resistance
Appreciated by a variety of insects as a nectar source.
- Easily trimmed to maintain desired size
- Prolific fruiter
- Long-lived perennial
Heliotropium angiospermum
Use as a tall groundcover or small shrub.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure t
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Considertions, Can become somewhat weedy.
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Habitat, Hammocks, disturbed sites
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Nectar plant for Bahamian swallowtail (Heraclides andraemon), cassius blue (Leptotes cassius), Florida white (Appias drusilla), gray ha
- Beautiful sweeping fronds with drooping leaflets
- Hummingbird favorite
- Colorful fall foliage
- Attractive blue-green to silver leaflets
- Stunning colorful foliage
Quercus inopina
Endemic to the sand ridges of central and northern peninsular Florida.
Forms a thicket with many sprouts from underground stems.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Wildlife, Small mammals use the acorns.
Provides significant food and cover for wildlife.
The acorns are utilized by squirrels.
An important food source for th
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Habitat, Scrub, scrubby flatwoods, scrubby sandhill.
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Did You Know?, Hurricane wind resistance
Larval host for Horace's duskywing (Erynnis horatius), red-banded hairstreak (Calycopis cecrops) and white-M hairstreak (P
- Available multi-stalked
- Tall and stately
- Narrow crown
- Somewhat drought tolerant
Cartrema floridanum
This is a Florida endemic.
Screen plant esp. for sunny, dry sites. Specimen plant where its shiny foliage will be appreciated.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Slow growing.
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Wildlife, Larger birds and small mammals eat the fruit.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Scrub, scrubby sandhill.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Bees and other pollinators.
- Showy fall color
- Tiered branches
- Prominent pale green crownshaft
Heliotropium gnaphalodes
Is listed as Endangered in Florida.
Hedges; small specimen plants; mass planting; ground cover; large planters. Dune reclamation.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt
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Considertions, A beautiful shrub for oceanfront gardens, but susceptible to diseases inland.
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Habitat, Coastal uplands, dunes.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Nectar plant for Miami blue (Cyclargus thomasi bethunebakeri) and other butterfly speci
- Beloved in South Florida
- Does poorly oceanside
- Attracts butterflies
- Relatively compact and narrow canopy
Vaccinium myrsinites
The range includes all of peninsular Florida and the southern parts of Georgia, and Alabama.
Best used as a wildflower as it has a relatively short l
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume the fruit.
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Habitat, Scrub, scrubby flatwoods, flatwoods, high pine, cutthroat seep.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Attracts pollinators. Documented bee species include Augochlorella aurata, A. gratiosa, Augochloropsi
- Dense, full crown
- Does poorly oceanside
- Raised diamond-shaped trunk pattern
