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Spartina spartinae
Primarily useful for coastal restoration projects.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of frequent or regular inundation (usually areas with tidal inundation)
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and
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Wildlife, Attracts birds. Nesting and resting habitat.
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Habitat, Salt marshes, dunes.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Ringed trunk
- Colorful fall foliage
- Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
- Adequate moisture required
- Distinctive-looking fruit with spiked exterior
Gordonia lasianthus
Makes a good specimen tree or a cluster of in wet areas along margins of lakes and ponds.
This tree is columnar in form and can make a formal-looking
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Sensitive to drying. Difficult to grow unless its moisture requirements are met.
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Wildlife, Attracts hummingbirds.
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Habitat, Moist-wet sites. Seepage swamps, bay swamps, edges of cypress domes, low flatwoods. This species is likely restricted to wetland edges both by its ne
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Flowers attract a variety of insects including bees and flies.
- Heavy feeder
- Attractive contrast between flowers and foliage
- Beloved in South Florida
Koanophyllon villosum
Back of garden screen
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Pine rockland, edges of hammocks
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts butterflies and bees.
- Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
- Magnificent when flowering
- Fragrant clusters of flowers in fall
Citharexylum spinosum
The shiny green leaves, gently fragrant flowers and glossy berries make this a charming plant. Can occasionally be subject to defoliation by the moth
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Berries eaten by many species of bids and other wildlife.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Pinelands, maritime and sub-tropical or tropical hammocks
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Hurricane wind resistance
Larval host for fiddlewood leafroller moth (Epicorsia oedipodalis) (Institut
- Falls over easily, may require staking
- Dark green leaves
- Attractive dark green leaves
Quercus myrtifolia
This plant can form clones from underground stems. It is adapted to fire environments.
Forms a thicket with many sprouts from spreading roots
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Wildlife, Small mammals use the acorns.
Provides significant food and cover for wildlife.
The acorns are utilized by squirrels.
An important food source for th
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Habitat, Scrub, scrubby flatwoods, scrubby sandhill.
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Did You Know?, Hurricane wind resistance
Larval host for Horace's duskywing (Erynnis horatius), red-banded hairstreak (Calycopis cecrops) and white-M hairstreak (P
- Silvery blue-green fronds
- Smaller stature
- Easy/Carefree
- Attractive glossy leaves
Coccoloba uvifera
Can be pruned.
Works well as a specimen plant. Its thick, large leaves make it stand out from most other plants in the landscape.
Very useful in sett
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt
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Considertions, Fast growing, tends to sprawl. Very cold sensitive if planted inland from the coast even in the counties noted as its range. Unless cold is extreme, i
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume fruit.
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Habitat, Coastal uplands
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Nectar plant for Florida duskywing (Ephyriades brunneus), julia (Dryas iulia
- Often draped with Spanish moss
- Arched, recurving fronds
- Wonderfully fragrant flowers
- Wide umbrella-shaped canopy
- Swollen, succulent branches
Liatris gracilis
Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Mesic to wet flatwoods, seep slopes, bogs, savannas, ditches, secondary woods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts butterflies and bees.
- Prominant olive crownshaft
- Highly salt tolerant
- Raised diamond-shaped trunk pattern
- Requires shade when young
- Attractive symmetrical appearance
- Very showy clusters of flowers
Lyonia fruticosa
Retain if present. Can be used as part of a screen in a dry site setting.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Slow growing.
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Habitat, Dry-moist sites. Cutthroat seeps, scrub, scrubby flatwoods, scrub.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts bees. The following Hymenoptera families and species were observed visiting flowers of Lyonia fruticosa at Archbold Biologica
- Briefly bare for about a month in the winter
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Heavy feeder
Panicum virgatum
In the opinion of this author, this species has a weedy look.
Occurs throughout Florida but is more frequent in flatwoods pond settings and small flo
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Considertions, An aggressive grower. Plant where that characteristic is appropriate.
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Habitat, Riverine forests, flatwoods, beaches, fresh and brackish marshes, disturbed sites.
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Did You Know?, Larval host for tawny edged skipper.
- Majestic and graceful
- Slender trunk, 4" in diameter
- Highly nutritious fruit
Iris virginica
Moist wildflower garden.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Floodplains, floodplain marshes, marshes.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Pollinated by bumblebees and long-horned bees.
Butterflies visit for nector but are not effective pollinators.
- Available single or multi-stalked
- Elegant
- Fruit attracts wildlife
- Cold tolerant
Laguncularia racemosa
It's called "white mangrove" because it exudes extra salt through special glands which makes the leaves appear white.
The word "mangrove" refers to a
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Tolerance, Tolerant of frequent or regular inundation (usually areas with tidal inundation)
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and
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Habitat, Mangrove swamps. Tends to be at higher elevations that red and black mangroves.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Hurricane wind resistance
Attracts bees, wasps, flies and butterflies (Landry 2013).
- Thick branching into attractive silouttes
- Fragrant in the evening
- Rapid growth
Nymphaea odorata
While native in Florida, this species is invasive in other areas, especially the Pacific Northwest.
Aquatic species with floating leaves and flowers.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Could overrun small ponds or water features.
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Habitat, Aquatic. Marshes, swamps in openings, still water.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Flies, bees, and beetles have been recorded.
- Width often exceeds height
- Prominent pale green crownshaft
- Excellent hedge choice
- Easy/Carefree
- Ideal for smaller spaces
