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Thelypteris spp.
These are generally moist site ferns though some (T. kunthii, T. ovata) grow in mesic uplands. Most are similar in appearance, and all will grow in a
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, The native range varies by species. Please use species appropriate to your area.
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Wildlife, Cover for many ground-dwelling species.
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Habitat, Hydric and mesic hammocks, shallow swamps and swamp edges, floodplains.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Tiered branches
- Very showy bright yellow flowers
- Will not tolerate frost
- Somewhat salt tolerant
- Formal, old-world appearance
- Elegant and stately
Juncus roemerianus
Salt marsh restoration. Not a good choice for most landscape uses.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of frequent or regular inundation (usually areas with tidal inundation)
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and
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Wildlife, Used by birds for nesting and food.
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Habitat, Salt marsh.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Thick branching into attractive silouttes
- Clusters of tubular flowers
- Breathtaking
- Elegant and compact
Hydrangea quercifolia
The bark of oakleaf hydrangea exfoliates and is very beautiful. The leaves turn a variety of vivid colors prior to dropping in winter.
Based on the de
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Prefers partial shade. If planted south of its natural range, it is best to keep it out of full sun.
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Habitat, Dry-moist sites. Upland hardwood forests and understory.
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Did You Know?, Interesting bark, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Attracts native bees including bumblebees, syrphid flies, and honeybees.
Pollinators attracted
- Forms an open canopy
- Hummingbird favorite
- Beautiful silhouette
- Ideal for smaller spaces
- Elegant appearance
- Unique foliage
Mitchella repens
This little plant produces two flowers with ovaries that fuse into a single fruit.
Typically grown as a curiosity. This is a very small plant that a
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds and small mammals consume the berries which mature in the fall and are retained through the winter and spring.
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Habitat, Hammocks, upland hardwood forests, upland mixed forest, seep slopes, second bottom and levees in floodplains.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Bumblebees pollinate the flowers. Cross-pollination, required for seed set, is controlled by factors
- Lush, dense shade tree
- Wonderfully fragrant, carries a great distance
- Fruit eaten by birds
Prunus geniculata
This is an endangered species. Please acquire only from reputable nurseries.
Endemic to the central ridges, esp. the Lake Wales Ridge.
Specimen plant
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Slow growing.
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Wildlife, Birds eat the fruit and are the primary dispersers.
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Habitat, Scrub, scrubby high pine.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Pollinated by bees.
- Arched, recurving fronds
- Prominent pale green crownshaft
- Narrow canopy
- Easily trimmed to maintain desired size
- Does best with periodic fertalization
Hibiscus furcellatus
This is a wetland plant. It is rarely grown, but it has potential in appropriate sites.
Hedges, screening.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Habitat, Marshes, wet areas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Larval host of Gray Hairstreak, Painted Lady Butterfly, Common Checkered Skipper and Tropical Checkered Skipper butterflies and four
- Rare and unique
- Attractive symmetrical appearance
- Prominant olive crownshaft, slightly buldging
Cornus alternifolia
Small specimen tree. Can also work as an understory tree.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds and small mammals consume the fruit.
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Habitat, Slope forest, upland hardwood forest. Bluffs, creek forests.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Larval host for cecropia silkmoth (Hyalophora cecropia) and spring azure butterfly (Celastrina ladon).
- Smaller stature
- Imposing stature
- Does best with periodic fertalization
- Easily trimmed to maintain desired size
- Susceptible to breakage, even in moderate winds
- Not a true pine
Ulmus americana
This tree is subject to Dutch elm disease. Dutch elm disease has not been detected in Florida (IFAS 2008). In most of eastern North America, this tree
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, While Dutch elm disease has not been detected in Florida (IFAS, 2018), the planting practices that result in massive losses of street trees north of F
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Wildlife, Seeds used by birds in spring when little else is available.
Used for nesting.
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Habitat, Floodplain forest, wet mesic forests, hardwood swamps.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Interesting foliage
Larval host for: Eastern Comma (Polygonia comma), Question Mark (Polygonia interrogationis), Painted Lady (Vanessa ca
- Beautiful pinwheel flowers, often multicolored
- Very full crown
- Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
Pluchea spp.
These pretty little plants are not typically grown, most likely because they are annuals or short-lived perennials and require moist settings.
Moist
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Savannas, cypress glades, savannas, marshes, wet ditches, wet prairie.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts bees, wasps, and butterflies.
- Deciduous
- Narrow canopy
- Not a true jasmine
- Rare, despite being a South Florida native
Erythrina herbacea
Forming a thicket for wildlife protection.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt spray without i
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Considertions, It has thorns, but they are rather small.
The seeds of Cherokee bean are poisonous and purportedly used for rat poison in Mexico.
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Wildlife, Attracts hummingbirds.
Due to its dense foliage and thorny stems, coral bean serves as a refuge for small birds and animals.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Upland mixed forest, thickets, tropical hammocks, coastal dunes, sandhill, flatwoods, tropical hammock, pine rocklands. This species can b
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Thorns
Attracts long-tongued pollinators.
- Cornerstone plant in South Florida
- Unique, sweet almond flavor
- Compact and versatile
- Healthy edible fruit
- Flowers year round
Iris verna var. smalliana
Noted for fragrance.
Casual shade garden. It spreads, so eventually acts as a groundcover.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts bees, esp. bumblebees.
- Stunning
- Wonderfully fragrant, carries a great distance
- Arched, recurving fronds
- Colorful older leaves
- Slow Growth
Galactia striata
Host plant for Zestos Skipper butterfly which is believed to be extirpated (extinct) in FLorida. Also used by Cassius blue, longtailed skipper, and Za
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, Scrambling vine likely best suited to informal settings. Individual stems may be up to 10 ft long.
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Habitat, Hammocks
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Did You Know?, Larval host plant for cassius blue (Leptotes cassius), long-tailed skipper (Urbanus proteus), zestos skipper (Epargyreus zestos) and zarucco duskywing
- Narrow canopy
- Elegant
- Unique fluffy fronds
- Wide umbrella-shaped canopy
- Striking symmetrical appearance
