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Ilex opaca
Both male and female plants required for pollination and seed set.
Specimen tree. Screen.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Sharp spines (teeth) on leaves.
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds.
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Habitat, Upland woods, second bottom but will not tolerate long flooding. Often an understory plant.
Documented in Lee County in a site likely to be natural.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Bees pollinate flowers.
- Fruit eaten by birds
- Does best in warmer areas of South Florida
- Moderately slow growth
Coreopsis major
Leaves are whorled at intervals around the stem.
Wildflower garden, butterfly garden or meadow. Stems spread but not aggressive.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Sandhill.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts insects, especially bees and butterflies.
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Tolerance
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Habitat
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Did You Know?
- Christmas tree shape
- Unique, sweet, almond-like flavor
- Decorative diamond-shaped trunk pattern
- Ringed trunk
Sabatia decandra
Not generally planted. Likey best saved if present or otherwise enjoyed in the wild.
Wildflower in moist areas.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Wet flatwoods, bogs, cypress swamps, ruderal areas, wet prairie, margins of ponds.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Likely pollinated by bees.
- Formal appearance
- Ringed trunk
- Majestic, sprawling canopy
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
Calydorea caelestina
This is an endangered species. Please do not steal from the wild.
Mostly grown as a curiosity as it is an early morning bloomer and nearly invisible
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Is endemic to only a few counties in NE Florida and does best in a fire-controlled habitat.
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Wildlife, Attracts bumblebees (Huegel, C. 2013. Palmetto 31: 3-6)
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Habitat, Wet to mesic flatwoods. Does well in fire-maintained habitats.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
- Attractive silver-gray foliage
- Can be trimmed into manicured shapes
- Narrow canopy
- Recently classified invasive
- Massive, breathtaking and impressive
Prunus caroliniana
The range extends from Texas to North Carolina mostly in the coastal plan and adjacent areas of sandy hills. In Florida, the range is continuous down
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, This plant can be too prolific as the many seedlings that come up both around the plant and under bird perching sites can become problematic. Also spr
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Wildlife, Seed is spread by birds.
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Habitat, Dry-moist sites. Upland hardwood forests, upland mixed forest, secondary woods, riverine swamps, disturbed areas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Attracts bees.
- Symmetrical shape
- Raised diamond-shaped trunk pattern
- Wonderfully fragrant flowers
Lonicera sempervirens
Coral honeysuckle's bark exfoliates.
Climbs by twining
Given a trellis or fence this plant makes a great hedge. It can also make a good groundcover t
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, If growing on a trellis, will need to be trimmed back annually.
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Wildlife, Flowers attract hummingbirds.
Birds, especially cardinals, eat the seeds - digesting the outer flesh of the fruit and aiding in distribution of the
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Habitat, Upland hardwood forests, floodplains, secondary woods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Larval host for Spring Azure (Celastrina ladon) and Snowberry Clearwing (Hemaris diffinis) butterflies.
- Raised diamond-shaped trunk pattern
- Swollen, succulent branches
- Mostly bare in the coldest months
- Stately and uncommon
- Showy creamy white flowers
- Prominent blue-gray crownshaft
Agave decipiens
Can be distinguished from non-native agave by its bare basal trunk. Endemic to southern peninsular Florida from the Monroe County Keys north along the
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Tolerance, Tolerant of frequent or regular inundation (usually areas with tidal inundation)
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and
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Considertions, Sharp pointed leaves and sap that can be irritating to the skin. Only blooms once.
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Habitat, Coastal hammocks, shell middens, dry coastal uplands.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Larval host for Yucca Giant Skipper (Megathymus yuccae) and Cofaqui Giant Skipper (Megathymus cofaqui). Pollinate
- Unique, stout pineapple-like trunk when young
- Unique foliage and silhouette
- Wide umbrella-shaped canopy
- Stunning
Palafoxia feayi
Endemic to the Florida peninsula.
Since this gets tall, plant it at the rear of a wildflower garden. Blooms in mid-fall with blooms concentrated at t
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Scrub and scrubby flatwoods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts butterflies and moths
Types of bees that have been observed visiting the flowers at the Archbold Biological Station (Deyrup
- Christmas tree shape
- Silvery blue-green fronds
- Sometime grows horozontially
- Unique swollen blue-green to silver trunk
- Uncommon
- Beautiful, natural globe shape
Verbesina virginica
Each stem has soft, fleshy green flanges running longitudinally down its length. When winter weather brings ice, the stems exude water that freezes in
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Moist forest edges.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts native bees.
Nectar source for butterflies.
- Long-lived perennial
- Flowers year round
- Tall and stately
- Narrow crown
Ilex glabra
Rarely planted.
Good background plant. Can make a good screen. Becomes scraggly if overly shaded, but may be trimmed back for bushier growth. Clonal.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds though it is bitter and often eaten as a last resort.
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Habitat, Low flatwoods, cutthroat seeps, dry prairie, coastal swales, bogs, sinks.
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Did You Know?, Bees pollinate flowers. Documented bees include Colletes banksi, C. brimleyi, C. inandibularis, C. nudus, Perdita floridensis, Agapostemon splendens,
- Slow Growth
- Massive stature when mature
- Majestic
- Highly wind tolerant
Allium canadense
The inflorescence consists of a few long-stalked flowers with 6 tepals and many bulblets that tend to sprout in place. The first leaf from the bulblet
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Ruderal, especially roadside ditches.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers
Pollinated by bees and other insects.
- Cold tolerant
- Attractive tiered canopy
- Christmas tree shape
- Slender profile
Rhapidophyllum hystrix
Specimen plant, edge, understory shrub. Can be grown in a large container.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Old leaf bases form long stiff spines.
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Wildlife, Provides good wildlife cover.
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Habitat, Moist-wet sites. Seep slope forests, regularly but shallowly inundated floodplains, seepage swamps especially associated with springs, hydric seepage
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage, Thorns
Attracts beetles.
- Colorful new leafs
- Prominant olive crownshaft, slightly buldging
- Relatively compact and narrow canopy
- Fast growth
- Swollen, succulent branches
- Very slow growth
