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Pinus serotina
Rarely grown. This tree occurs predominantly in the coastal plain (withoutliers) from eastern Alabama north to southern New Jersey.
Shade tree for m
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds, squirrels and other animals eat the seeds.
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Habitat, Moist-wet sites. Hydric to mesic seep slopes, fringes of cypress and mixed hardwood swamps, wet flatwoods, mesic flatwoods.
- Dense attractive foliage
- Fragrant clusters of flowers in fall
- Iconic symbol of the south
- Unique and prized
- Recently classified invasive
- Prefers acidic soil
Fraxinus caroliniana
The Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis) is a very destructive wood-boring beetle native to Asia. It was discovered in North America in July 2002,
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, The wood is soft.
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Wildlife, Rodents and birds consume seed.
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Habitat, Wet sites. Floodplains, swamps. Typically in areas with prolonged, deep inundation.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
Larval host for eastern tiger swallowtail (Papilio glaucus), mourning cloak (Nymphalis antiopa) and viceroy (Limenitis archippus)
- Unique, stout pineapple-like trunk when young
- Very rare
- Lush, dense shade tree
- Can be trimmed into manicured shapes
- Wonderfully fragrant flowers
- Prominant olive crownshaft
Quercus stellata
Shade tree. Branches may be quite twisty giving it an interesting form. Can also be used as a street tree and for ecosystem restoration.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Considertions, Acorn drop can be a maintenance issue.
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Wildlife, Acorns appreciated by squirrels and other wildlife including some birds.
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Habitat, Sandhill, pine-oak-hickory woods.
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Did You Know?, Larval host for the white-M butterfly and Horace's duskywing.
- Requires shade when young
- No longer recommended
- Very showy clusters of red flowers
Opuntia spp.
These species are, in combination, found throughout Florida and from a cultivation perspective, are very similar. In nature, O. stricta tends to be i
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure t
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Considertions, Thorns! The thorns on this plant make weeding around it difficult. Best planted where no one will be walking adjacent to the plant.
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Habitat, Coastal dunes, coastal grasslands.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Thorns
Nectar plant for Meske's skipper (Hesperia meskei) butterflies.
Attracts a variety of insect
- No longer recommended
- Thick branching into attractive silouttes
- Can be grown indoors
- Native
Thalia geniculata
Used for wetland restoration. Attractive for planting in surface water management ponds.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Dies back in the winter.
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Wildlife, Provides hiding areas for water birds some of which hide their nests in patches of this tall plant.
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Habitat, Marshes, swamps, roadside ditches. Usually in areas with relatively high nutrients and relatively high light. Rarely under a dense canopy.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Host plant for Brazilian Skipper (Calpodes ethlius).
Single gray eggs are laid on the leaves. After emerging, Br
- Requires shade when young
- Pyramidal crown
- Requires ample space and light
- Wonderfully fragrant flowers
- Unique, sweet almond flavor
- Does best with periodic fertalization
Hymenocallis palmeri
This is one of Florida's more widespread spiderlilies. It is sometimes seen in roadside ditches. It is feasible to transplant this species if a plant
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Open wet flatwoods, marl prairies and savannas, moist but not flooded roadside swales.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Moth-pollinated, especially sphinx moths.
- Cold tolerant
- Elegant
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Attractive light to medium green crownshaft
Sideroxylon alachuense
Can be pruned either as a small tree or a large shrub. Can also be used as a hedge.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Thorns.
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Wildlife, Fruits eaten by birds and small mammals.
Good cover plant.
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Habitat, Moist hammocks. Rare.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage, Thorns
Native bees love the flowers.
- Colorful older leaves
- Moderately slow growth
- Classic Southern tree
Echinacea purpurea
Requires a reliable cold period to persist. In most of Florida it can be treated as an annual in gardens.
Listed as Endangered by the State of Florida
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, The further south you go, the more short-lived this species gets. Except in extreme north Florida, treat as an annual or at least don't assume that i
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Wildlife, Small birds and small mammals consume the seed.
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Habitat, Upland glades, openings in upland mixed forests on calcareous soils.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts many pollinators, especially bees.
- Not recommended
- Unique, sweet almond flavor
- Attractive and unique swollen trunk
Justicia angusta
Wetland pond edges.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Wet pine flatwoods, marshes, floodplains, lake and pond margins.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Likely pollinated by bees.
- Briefly bare for about a month in the winter
- Adequate moisture required
- Hummingbird favorite
- Attractive dark green leaves
- Smaller stature
- Attracts butterflies
Conradina etonia
Listed as Endangered by the State of Florida and the USFWS. This is a rare plant and should only be acquired from reputable plant nurseries with prop
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Scrub. In openings. Endemic to Etonia Creek State Forest and vicinity.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Attract many pollinators, especially bees.
- Uncommon edible fruit
- Unique foliage
- Requires shade when young
- Unique foliage and silhouette
- Does best in cooler areas of South Florida
- Slow Growth
Orontium aquaticum
Curiosity in wetland gardens.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Like many members of the Arum family, all parts of this plant are toxic.
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Habitat, Shallow water of pools, streams, and swamps.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Pollinated by bees, flies, and beetles (Florida Wildflower Foundation)
- Pyramidal crown
- Excellent small hedge
- Killed by citrus greening (HLB)
Phlebodium aureum
This is a native that makes Florida look tropical.
Herbarium specimens from Leon County say that the fern was likely brought in. Otherwise, the north
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Habitat, Hammocks. Epiphytic on cabbage palm. Occasionally in humus at ground level.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Highly nutritious fruit
- Wonderfully fragrant flowers
- Wonderfully fragrant
- Colorful older leaves
- Attractive mottled bark
- Beautiful rounded canopy
