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Ilex cassine
While naturally a wetland plant, this species does well across a broad array of cultural conditions.
Specimen tree.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, It's dioecious; so make sure you have at least one male plant in the vicinity to produce berries on the females.
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds and small mammals.
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Habitat, Dome swamps, coastal flatwoods, transitional edges of dome swamps in flatwoods, coastal flatwoods, bay swamps, cutthroat seep.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Bees pollinate flowers. Documented bee visitors include Hylaeus confluens, Augochlorapu
- Attracts butterflies and bees
- Not as popular as it once was
- Striking silhouette
- Attracts butterflies
- Can be kept narrow
Ilex x attenuata
This naturally occurring hybrid has become a landscaping favorite. Ilex x attenuata is a natural hybrid originally found growing in the wild in Florid
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds.
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Habitat, Freshwater and brackish marshes.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Bees visit the flowers, but all plants are female. This is apparently one of the few hollies where
- Handsome
- Smaller stature
- Beautiful rounded canopy
Taxus floridana
This tree has male and female plants. Females have red berry-like cones.
This species is extremely rare. Be sure to obtain this plant from properly l
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Poisonous seeds and foliage for both humans and livestock.
Difficult to establish in general landscapes.
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Wildlife, Birds and other animals eat the fruit. Poisonous to humans and livestock.
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Habitat, Slope forest. Rich wooded ravines and cedar swamps. It typically grows in groups of small trees (clones). This species can be seen planted at Torreya
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits
- Magnificent showy flowers in summer
- Hummingbird favorite
- Distinctive-looking fruit with spiked exterior
- Massive, nutrient-dense edible fruit
- Unique foliage and silhouette
Penstemon multiflorus
This species is almost endemic to Florida. Its range overlaps into southern Georgia and southeastern Alabama.
The range includes all of Florida thoug
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Said by Bok Tower to sometimes attract hummingbirds.
Seeds likely dispersed by wind.
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Habitat, Dry flatwoods, sandhill, ruderal areas. Well-drained upland habitats
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Larval host to Baltimore checkerspot (Euphydryas phaeton)
Attracts bees.
- Wonderfully fragrant at night
- Breathtaking
- Stunning
- Prominant olive crownshaft
- Rare and unique
- Elegant appearance
Nolina brittoniana
This is listed by the USFWS as Endangered and may require landowner permission and/or permits to transplant. Please do not disturb this species unless
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Scrub, sandhilll.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
The following Hymenoptera families and species were observed visiting flowers of Nolina brittoniana at Archbold Biologica
- Excellent choice for narrow spaces
- Dark green leaves
- Unique, stout pineapple-like trunk when young
Canavalia rosea
An important sand dune stabilizer.
Groundcover in sandy areas. Used for dune stabilization. Fast growing.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of frequent or regular inundation (usually areas with tidal inundation)
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and
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Considertions, It can be aggressive in the landscape. The seeds and seed pods are poisonous.
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Wildlife, Attracts bees.
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Habitat, Coastal dunes.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
- Prefers acidic soil
- Elegant and stately
- Drought tolerant
- Highly salt tolerant
- Showy fall color
- Mostly bare in the coldest months
Lindera benzoin
Spicy smell to crushed foliage.
Florida is at the southern end of the range for this species, and the range is likely disjoint with the species occurr
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Like it's relative redbay(Persea borbonia), it's susceptible to attacks by the redbay ambrosia beetle, which spreads a deadly fungus called Laural Wil
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Wildlife, Birds and mammals eat the fruits.
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Habitat, Bluffs, floodplains, calcareous hammocks. Rare.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Larval host for the spice bush swallowtail and other butterflies.
Attracts bees and flies.
- Requires ample space and light
- Prominent blue-gray crownshaft
- Massive, breathtaking and impressive
- Stately and uncommon
Carphephorus carnosus
Endemic to Florida.
Wildflower garden,
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Low sites. Cutthroat seeps, hydric to wet-mesic pine flatwoods, savannas, seep slopes.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts many butterflies, bees and other pollinators. (Hawthorn Hill Wildflowers).
- Recently classified invasive
- Extremely popular
- Bright red fruits
- Requires protection from strong winds
- Flowers year round
Cliftonia monophylla
Hedge in wet sites, pond borders. Good for a small thicket. Grow as a small tree or large shrub.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Browsed by deer.
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Habitat, Hydric flatwoods, seep swamps, sloughs, stream banks, bogs, wiregrass savannas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts bees (https://flawildflowers.org/).
- Showy display of fruit
- No longer recommended
- Pleasant rounded shape
- Cold tolerant
- Very full crown
- Attractive symmetrical appearance
Rhynchospora colorata
This is a sedge. Most Rhynchospora species are wind pollinated. The white bracts of this species attract insects.
Can use as a groundcover in moist s
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Habitat, Wet flatwoods, wet prairie.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts bees and butterflies. This is a sedge, and most sedges are wind pollinated, so having a showy "flower" and attracting insects
- Classic Southern tree
- Excellent choice for narrow spaces
- Fast growth
Gelsemium rankinii
Rarely grown but worthy of consideration for moist areas.
Poisonous and nectar may be toxic to some insects.
Grow on support or up a tree in moist ar
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, The flowers, leaves, and roots are poisonous and may be lethal to humans and livestock. The species nectar may also be toxic to honeybees if too much
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Wildlife, Possibly used by hummingbirds, but toxins in the nectar may make it a last resort.
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Habitat, Bogs, acidic swamps, wet river swamps.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Attracts bees.
- Tall and stately
- Unusually shaped, asymmetrical tree
- Attractive flowers, typically deep orange
