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Argemone mexicana
This is one of Florida's most showy and most under-appreciated wildflowers. Look for it along disturbed roadsides in mid-late winter and early spring.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Sharp thorn-like prickles cover most of the plant. Highly toxic.
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Habitat, Ruderal areas. Common on dry roadsides.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Thorns
Attracts pollinators including bees, flies, and beetles. Documented bee species include Apis mellifera (honeybee), Dialictus
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Prominant gray-olive crownshaft
- Very showy clusters of red flowers
- Thrives only briefly, about 1 year
- Fruit eaten by birds
- Fragrant in the evening
Sabal palmetto
Designated as the Florida State Tree.
Trees on coastal islands in the Big Bend area are failing to reproduce due to sea level rise, and islands in th
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure t
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Considertions, Fronds and flower stalks fall. Seeds sprout readily and can require control. In southern part of the state, strangler figs can sprout in the boots and
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Wildlife, Seeds used by small mammals such as raccoons. Used by birds for nesting.
Dead palm fronds -- roosting habitat for yellow bats. Their yellowish color
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Habitat, Flatwoods, moist hammocks, swamps, river floodplains, ruderal
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Did You Know?, Interesting bark, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Larval host plant for Monk Skipper (Asbolis capucinus) butterfly.
Pollinated by bees
- Dense canopy
- Stately and uncommon
- Colorful fall foliage
- Excellent edible fruit
- Tall and stately
- Narrow crown
Symphyotrichum carolinianum
Use as a sprawling vine in wet areas. Works well as a stand-alone border along the edges of retention ponds.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Its sprawling or climbing habit make it best for an informal or naturalized setting.
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Habitat, Marshes, swamps, lake edges, river banks, coastal hammocks, floodplains.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Flowers draw a myriad of native bees, including polyester, sweat, cuckoo, leafcutter, mining, bumble and chimney b
- Not recommended
- Striking silhouette
- Prominent pale green or blue-gray crownshaft
- Cornerstone plant in South Florida
- Slender profile
- Adequate moisture required
Cakile lanceolata
Pronuciation : Ca-ki-le lan-see-oh-lay-tuh The searocket blooms July through September. Annual to short-lived perennial.
Searocket is best used to ho
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt
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Habitat, Coastal dunes. Identified along the Indian River lagoon and the Atlantic shoreline to the Gulf and across to the panhandle of Florida.
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Did You Know?, Hurricane wind resistance
Attracts butterflies and bees.
Larval host for the great southern white(Ascia monuste phileta).
- Mostly bare in the coldest months
- Prominent blue-gray crownshaft
- Striking and exotic
- Rare and unique
- Extremely popular
Justicia pringlei
Makes a nice ground cover in semi-shady to shady areas.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Hammocks, secondary woods and hedge rows.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Flowers profusely year round
- Attracts butterflies
- Massive stature when mature
- Beautiful purple-brown crownshaft
Bignonia capreolata
To see how crossvine gets its common name, cut a mature stem and you'll see that the pith is cross-shaped.
Climbs using tendrils with adhesive disks.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Its fast growth habit will need to be controlled in a small garden.
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Wildlife, Attracts some butterflies, but mainly hummingbirds as pollinators.
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Habitat, Moist hammocks, dry hammocks, dry hardwood forests
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
- Stunning
- Striking and exotic
- Available single or multi-stalked
- Not recommended
- Attracts butterflies and bees
Sabal minor
Use as a small specimen shrub in moist areas. Can also be used in floodplains.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Used by birds for nesting and food. A wide variety of animals eat the fruit.
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Habitat, Shallowly inundated floodplain forest, shallow set sinks, hydric seep slopes and immediately adjacent mesic slopes, hydric hammock, moist mesic hammoc
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
Pollinated by bees.
- Often hosts orchids, ferns and bromiliads
- Does best in warmer areas of South Florida
- Tall and romantic
- Easily trimmed to maintain desired size
- Wonderfully fragrant
Helianthus debilis subsp. debilis
To avoid introgression with other H. debilis subspecies, do not grow them in a common garden.
Ground cover in sandy, open environments.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt spray without i
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Considertions, Aggressively self-seeds, can be a nuisance in the wrong situation.
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Wildlife, Seeds eaten by birds and small mammals. When full grown, provides a thicket for protection of small birds and animals.
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Habitat, Beach dunes, coastal grasslands, sandhill, and scrub
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Primarily pollinated by bees.
- Decorative diamond-shaped trunk pattern
- Rare and unique
- Completely bare in winter
- Compact size
- Wonderfully fragrant at night
- Stunning during brief late spring bloom
Tripsacum dactyloides
In a managed garden, gamagrass can be trimmed back at the end of winter.
Hedge, foundation planting, individual large grass clump, background screen
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, Can die back and become messy during cold winters, but new growth covers it in the spring.
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Wildlife, Even when trimmed occasionally, Gama Grass will provide cover for small mammals, birds, and reptiles. Deer eat the seeds.
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Habitat, Wet bogs, roadsides, ditches, wet hammocks, river banks, low thickets, pine woods, open swamps, open habitats, flatwoods, sandhill, scrub. Also culti
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Larval host for three-spotted skipper (Cymaenes tripunctus), clouded skipper (Lerema accius) and Byssusskipper (Problema
- Requires protection from strong winds
- Unique and prized
- Attractive flowers, typically deep orange
- Handsome
- Highly nutritious fruit
- Wonderfully fragrant at night
Juniperus virginiana
The blue fruits on this tree are actually fleshy cones.
Often used as a screen by planting in one or two fairly dense rows. Also useful as a backgrou
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt
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Wildlife, Birds eat the fruit-like cones and use the foliage for cover.
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Habitat, Calcareous soils, shell mounds, coastal hammocks, second growth on open rocky fields. Open.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
- Very showy clusters of red flowers
- Prominent blue-gray crownshaft
- Thick branching into attractive silouttes
- Majestic and graceful
Clematis baldwinii
In full sun areas, this plant will become close to dormant in the summer. Cutting back dried out foliage will stimulate new growth in the Fall.
Endemi
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Easily lost in flower beds.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume fruit (https://flawildflowers.org/)
Hummingbirds occasionally visit the flowers (International Clematis Society)
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Habitat, Wet flatwoods. Scrub and sandhill
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Pine-hyacinth attracts many pollinators, from bumblebees and other native bees to butterflies.
- Falls over easily, may require staking
- Very full crown
- Beautiful pinwheel flowers, often multicolored
- Wind tolerant
- Extremely versatile
Pogonia ophioglossoides
The range of this species includes much of eastern North America. This orchid is found through much of Florida, especially north Florida.
State Thr
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Will not do well in a general garden setting.
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Habitat, Cutthroat seeps, dome swamp (edges), wet flatwoods (wet openings)
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Pollinated by bees.
- Dense attractive foliage
- Often draped with Spanish moss
- Dense, full crown
- Attractive mottled bark
- Easily trimmed for smaller spaces
- Self-shedding fronds
