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Ilex opaca
Both male and female plants required for pollination and seed set.
Specimen tree. Screen.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Sharp spines (teeth) on leaves.
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds.
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Habitat, Upland woods, second bottom but will not tolerate long flooding. Often an understory plant.
Documented in Lee County in a site likely to be natural.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Bees pollinate flowers.
- Fruit eaten by birds
- Does best in warmer areas of South Florida
- Moderately slow growth
Andropogon gerardii
Sunny garden where a large, clumping grass is an asset. Noted for silvery-blue foliage that turns bronze in fall.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, If used in a garden, too much water, shade, or fertilizer can cause it to get top-heavy and fall over.
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Wildlife, Provides cover and seed for many species of songbirds.
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Habitat, Flatwoods, prairies.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
Larval host for the Delaware skipper (Anatrytone logan) and the dusted skipper (Atrytonopsis hianna).
- Attracts butterflies
- Self-shedding fronds
- Tall and stately
- Unique, stout pineapple-like trunk when young
Varronia globosa
Background shrub.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, Can become weedy in the right conditions.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume food. Attracts various pollinators especially bees and butterflies.
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Habitat, Old fields, open areas, edges of hammocks.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Attracts butterflies including malachite, atala, and daggerwinds (Haehle and Brookstone 1999).
- Not recommended
- Readily pruned into attractive shapes
- Elegant and compact
- Salt tolerant
Gaylussacia frondosa var. tomentosa
Shrub for woodland edge or casual garden.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Fruits are prized by a variety of birds and mammals.
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Habitat, Sandhills, scrub, flatwoods, cypress swamp margins. Acid soils. Mesic to dry-mesic flatwoods, edges of bayneads, cypress depressions, cutthroat seeps.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Pollinated primarily by native bees.
- Clusters of tubular flowers
- Excellent hedge choice
- Intoxicating fragrance
- Stately and uncommon
Salvia azurea
Wildflower garden, suitable for naturalizing.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Flatwoods, sandhills, pine-oak-hickory woods, secondary woods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Nectar source for native bees, including bumblebees, and other pollinators (Xerces Society)..
Attracts butterflies
- Requires high humidity
- Fruit eaten by birds
- Magnificent showy flowers in summer
- Unusually shaped, asymmetrical tree
- Highly salt tolerant
Quercus austrina
Relatively small for an oak. Use as specimen tree or in a grove.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds, squirrels, racoons, deer and other wildlife eat the seeds.
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Habitat, Well drained bottomlands and bluffs.
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Did You Know?, Larval host for brown duskywing butterfly (Erynnis horatius), and gray hairstreak (Strymon melinus), and white-M hairstreak (Parrhasius m-album).
- Damaged by citrus canker
- Uncommon edible fruit
- Rapid growth
- Unique foliage and silhouette
- Very fast growth rate
Peperomia obtusifolia
Most plants sold as P. obtusifolia are from tropical American stock; local sources are recommended both to protect the genome and to enhance your like
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Swamps (epiphytic on trees/logs).
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
The floral morphology of Peperomia species suggests wind- and/or insect pollination, but not much is known.
- Pleasant rounded shape
- Relatively compact and narrow canopy
- Susceptible to breakage, even in moderate winds
- Often hosts orchids, ferns and bromiliads
Liatris gracilis
Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Mesic to wet flatwoods, seep slopes, bogs, savannas, ditches, secondary woods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts butterflies and bees.
- Prominant olive crownshaft
- Highly salt tolerant
- Raised diamond-shaped trunk pattern
- Requires shade when young
- Attractive symmetrical appearance
- Very showy clusters of flowers
Salvia misella
Depending on cold, this may keep its leaves all year or die back during the winter. In colder areas, consider growing it as an annual. It adapts well
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Depending on site, this plant may spread more than preferred, but easy to pull up if it is not wanted
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Interesting foliage
Larval host for Fulvous Hairstreak.
Attracts pollinators
- Distinctive-looking fruit with spiked exterior
- Underutilized
- Handsome
- Flowers profusely year round
- Wonderfully fragrant
- Prominent pale green or blue-gray crownshaft
Eugenia foetida
Used as a foundation or hedge plant. Large shrub to small tree. Can also be used as a specimen plant.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure t
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume fruit. Provides good cover.
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Habitat, Coastal hammocks, hammocks.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Attracts pollinators.
- Swollen, succulent branches
- Produces aromatic flowers year-round
- Somewhat salt tolerant
- Tall and stately
- Pyramidal crown
- Bright red fruits
Dalea pinnata
Three species occur in Florida. Please plant your local variety.
Wildflower garden where it is very showy in late summer/early fall.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Some birds and small mammals consume consume the seeds (https://flawildflowers.org/).
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Habitat, Dry flatwoods, sandhill, scrub. This species can be seen at the Starkey Wilderness Preserve in Pasco County.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Larval host for southern dogface (Zerene cesonia).
Attracts insects, especially bees.
- Majestic, sprawling canopy
- Prominant gray-olive crownshaft
- Tiered branches
Helianthus spp.
For best results, use species naturally found in your area
Wildflower garden. Most species bloom best if in light shade or sun, though it does depend
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds love the seeds.
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Habitat, Flatwoods, woodlands, ruderal areas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Bees and butterflies are attracted to sunflowers. The goldenrod soldier beetle (a.k.a. leatherwing beetle(, Chauliognathus pensylvanicu
- Does poorly in very wet soil
- Handsome
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Tropical silhouette
