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Sabal palmetto
Designated as the Florida State Tree.
Trees on coastal islands in the Big Bend area are failing to reproduce due to sea level rise, and islands in th
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure t
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Considertions, Fronds and flower stalks fall. Seeds sprout readily and can require control. In southern part of the state, strangler figs can sprout in the boots and
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Wildlife, Seeds used by small mammals such as raccoons. Used by birds for nesting.
Dead palm fronds -- roosting habitat for yellow bats. Their yellowish color
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Habitat, Flatwoods, moist hammocks, swamps, river floodplains, ruderal
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Did You Know?, Interesting bark, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Larval host plant for Monk Skipper (Asbolis capucinus) butterfly.
Pollinated by bees
- Dense canopy
- Stately and uncommon
- Colorful fall foliage
- Excellent edible fruit
- Tall and stately
- Narrow crown
Ilex ambigua
Plant as a small understory tree. Good as a general background plant that is appropriate to wildlife.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, It's dioecious; so make sure you have at least one male plant in the vicinity to produce berries on the females.
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds and small mammals.
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Habitat, Dry hammocks, sandhills, scrub, dunes.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits
Bees pollinate flowers.
- Moderately slow growth
- Attractive flowers, typically deep orange
- Critically endangered
- Stunning
Rhynchospora colorata
This is a sedge. Most Rhynchospora species are wind pollinated. The white bracts of this species attract insects.
Can use as a groundcover in moist s
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Habitat, Wet flatwoods, wet prairie.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts bees and butterflies. This is a sedge, and most sedges are wind pollinated, so having a showy "flower" and attracting insects
- Classic Southern tree
- Excellent choice for narrow spaces
- Fast growth
Zigadenus glaberrimus
Moist wildflower garden, especially acidic gardens oriented toward sphagnum, pitcher plants, and similar bog species.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Attracts pollinators.
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Habitat, Flatwoods, wet prairie, savanna.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
- Recently classified invasive
- Pleasant rounded shape
- Often draped with Spanish moss
- Smaller stature
- Stunning long emerald crownshaft
Rhus aromatica
Range barely reaches north Florida.
Specimen shrub, border, windbreak. This is a spreading, somewhat sprawling shrub.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Provides nesting, roosting and loafing cover for a variety of songbirds and game birds.
Its fruit may not be the first choice of many kinds of wildlif
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Habitat, Dry, somewhat open woods.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Primarily pollinated by bees.
- Formal, old-world appearance
- Thrives only briefly, about 1 year
- Drought tolerant
Vaccinium corymbosum
Use as a natural hedge behind shorter plants.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Fussy about the acidic soil.
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Wildlife, Many birds and other wildlife consume fruit the fruit and spread the seed.
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Habitat, Moist-wet sites. Hardwood swamps, cypress swamps, seep swamps.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Attracts many pollinators especially native bees. Documented bee visitors include Augochloropsis sumptuosa,
- Highly nutritious fruit
- Dense canopy
- Attractive variegated foliage
Piscidia piscipula
Shade tree. Also good for hedge rows.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure t
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Habitat, Dry sites. Hammocks, somewhat shady areas near the coast.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Larval host for cassius blue (Leptotes cassius) and hammock skipper (Polygonus leo) butterflies.
Attracts bee pollinators
- Prized scent, used in commercial perfumes
- Width often exceeds height
- Not a true pine
- Rare, despite being a South Florida native
- Pineapple-like showy fruits (female plants)
- Underutilized
Sorghastrum secundum
Typically grown in the background of a wildflower garden as its tall flower stalks are only visible in fall. The remainder of the year is looks like a
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, In the landscape will need annual cutting back.
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Habitat, Dry-moist sites. Flatwoods, secondary pinelands, sandhill.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Larval host for "grass skippers" including swarthy skipper (Nastra lherminier), Delaware skipper (Anatrytone arogos), Euf
- Beautiful sweeping fronds with drooping leaflets
- Unique foliage
- Prominant olive crownshaft
- Flowers profusely year round
- Often draped with Spanish moss
- Long-lived perennial
Carya tomentosa
Large shade tree. Plant where falling/fallen nuts will not be a problem.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Plant where nut and leaf litter will not be a problem.
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Wildlife, Small mammals (squirrels and other rodents) consume nuts.
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Habitat, Dry hammocks, dry hardwood forests
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Did You Know?, Fall color
Larval host for many moths including; luna moth (Actias luna), hickory leafroller moth (Argyrotaenia juglandana), royal walnut moth (Cithe
- Requires protection from strong winds
- Dense canopy
- Somewhat drought tolerant
- Attractive silver-gray foliage
- Intoxicating fragrance
- Magnificent when flowering
Borrichia arborescens
Most reproduction is vegetative (Lonard et al. 2015).
Plant in coastal wetlands on upslope side of mangrove swamps.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt spray without injury.
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Wildlife, Birds and small mammals consume seed.
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Habitat, Coastal wetlands
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Attracts various pollinators.
Nectar plant for great southern white (Ascia monuste), Schaus' swallowtail (Heracl
- Unusually shaped, asymmetrical tree
- Excellent edible fruit
- Beautiful shiny green leaves
- Wonderfully fragrant, carries a great distance
- Attractive flowers, typically deep orange
Chiococca alba
Nice blog article by Florida Wildflower Foundation.
Background plant somewhere between a shrub and vine in character.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Considertions, Weak--needs support. Can be aggressive in the home landscape.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume fruit.
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Habitat, Coastal hammocks, pine rocklands, coastal flats, disturbed forest edges.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Larval host for the Miami blue butterfly (Cyclargus thomasi) and Snowberry clearwing moth (Hemaris diffinis).
Attracts a
- Often hosts orchids, ferns and bromiliads
- Does best in warmer areas of South Florida
- Attractive blue-green to silver leaflets
- Sprawling and informal shrub
