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Ilex cassine
While naturally a wetland plant, this species does well across a broad array of cultural conditions.
Specimen tree.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, It's dioecious; so make sure you have at least one male plant in the vicinity to produce berries on the females.
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds and small mammals.
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Habitat, Dome swamps, coastal flatwoods, transitional edges of dome swamps in flatwoods, coastal flatwoods, bay swamps, cutthroat seep.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Bees pollinate flowers. Documented bee visitors include Hylaeus confluens, Augochlorapu
- Attracts butterflies and bees
- Not as popular as it once was
- Striking silhouette
- Attracts butterflies
- Can be kept narrow
Monarda punctata
The showy part of this plant is the bracts which are pink to lavender. Flowers are actually small, whitish to yellowish, with purple spots.
Wildflowe
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, Can get rangy and fall over, but trimming in early summer will keep it bushier.
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Wildlife, Attracts hummingbirds.
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Habitat, Dry disturbed areas, old fields, and upper sand dunes.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers
Attracts many bees, butterflies, and moths.
- Majestic, sprawling canopy
- Iconic symbol of the south
- Moderately drought tolerant
- Thick branching into attractive silouttes
- Will not tolerate frost
Fothergilla milleri
May sucker and form small clones
Foundation plantings, group or mass planting, multi-season accent, or specimen shrub.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Sunny, wet eges of baygalls, shrub swamps, pitcherplant bogs; shrubby transition zones into wet flatwoods.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers
Attracts butterflies and other pollinators.
- Showy creamy white flowers
- Unique, sweet almond flavor
- Massive, nutrient-dense edible fruit
- Showy display of fruit
- Grows tall, but not massive
- Fruit attracts wildlife
Cercis canadensis
Bloom can be long lasting relative to other early spring blooming trees -- as long as a month. Duration is dependent on temperature. Flowers grow dire
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, At the extreme south end of its range, it may not bloom well. The wood is weak and is likely to break off during a high wind event unless grouped with
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Habitat, Upland hardwood forests. Bluffs, hammocks, secondary woods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Larval host for Henry's elfin (Callophrys henrici) and io moth (Automeris io).
Popular with bees including bumbleb
- Highly versatile
- Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
- Ideal for smaller spaces
- Unique foliage and silhouette
Penstemon laevigatus
Informal shady semi-shady gardens.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Moist hardwood forests
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts bees, butterflies.
Larval host for common buckeye (Junonia coenia).
- Prominent blue-gray crownshaft
- Prized scent, used in commercial perfumes
- Prominant gray-olive crownshaft
- Raised diamond-shaped trunk pattern
Justicia angusta
Wetland pond edges.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Wet pine flatwoods, marshes, floodplains, lake and pond margins.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Likely pollinated by bees.
- Briefly bare for about a month in the winter
- Adequate moisture required
- Hummingbird favorite
- Attractive dark green leaves
- Smaller stature
- Attracts butterflies
Agave decipiens
Can be distinguished from non-native agave by its bare basal trunk. Endemic to southern peninsular Florida from the Monroe County Keys north along the
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Tolerance, Tolerant of frequent or regular inundation (usually areas with tidal inundation)
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and
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Considertions, Sharp pointed leaves and sap that can be irritating to the skin. Only blooms once.
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Habitat, Coastal hammocks, shell middens, dry coastal uplands.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Larval host for Yucca Giant Skipper (Megathymus yuccae) and Cofaqui Giant Skipper (Megathymus cofaqui). Pollinate
- Unique, stout pineapple-like trunk when young
- Unique foliage and silhouette
- Wide umbrella-shaped canopy
- Stunning
Conradina canescens
The Florida Wildflower Foundation has a good pamphlet that includes culture of this species.
Gray-green, fine foliage, border plant or individual spe
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Habitat, Scrub, sandhill.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers
Attracts many pollinators, especially bees (https://hawthornhillwildflowers.blogspot.com/).
- Lovely deep green, glossy leaves
- Pyramidal crown
- Can be kept narrow
Baccharis halimifolia
Fruiting late in the fall, the fruits during the fall add substantial interest to a casual garden.
Baccharis glomerulifolia is similar in appearance
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, Weak wood. Seed is wind disbursed and may become weedy.
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Wildlife, Seeds are wind dispersed but also eaten by small birds and other wildlife.
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Habitat, Coastal uplands and disturbed moist inland area.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits
Although primary wind pollinated, it attracts bees including Colletes mandibularis, C. simulans, C. thysanellae, Agapostemon splendens,
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Highly versatile
- Highly nutritious fruit
- Prized scent, used in commercial perfumes
- Elegant and stately
- Long-lasting year-round blooms
Vaccinium corymbosum
Use as a natural hedge behind shorter plants.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Fussy about the acidic soil.
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Wildlife, Many birds and other wildlife consume fruit the fruit and spread the seed.
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Habitat, Moist-wet sites. Hardwood swamps, cypress swamps, seep swamps.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Attracts many pollinators especially native bees. Documented bee visitors include Augochloropsis sumptuosa,
- Highly nutritious fruit
- Dense canopy
- Attractive variegated foliage
Chasmanthium latifolium
Groundcover or border plant in shady areas.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, It reseeds easily and can expand aggressively.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume seed.
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Habitat, Dry-moist sites. Bluffs, floodplains, wet hammocks.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits
Larval host for pepper and salt skipper (Amblyscirtes hegon), common roadside skipper (Amblyscirtes vialis), and Bell's roadside skipper
- Prominent pale green crownshaft
- Produces aromatic flowers year-round
- Prominent pale green or blue-gray crownshaft
- Fragrant clusters of flowers in fall
- Unusual deep green leaves with bronze underside
Piscidia piscipula
Shade tree. Also good for hedge rows.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure t
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Habitat, Dry sites. Hammocks, somewhat shady areas near the coast.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Larval host for cassius blue (Leptotes cassius) and hammock skipper (Polygonus leo) butterflies.
Attracts bee pollinators
- Prized scent, used in commercial perfumes
- Width often exceeds height
- Not a true pine
- Rare, despite being a South Florida native
- Pineapple-like showy fruits (female plants)
- Underutilized
