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Trichostema dichotomum
Noted for fragrance. Trichostema setaceum is similar but less common in central and southern Florida.
There are now at least 4 different Trichostema
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Considertions, May seed overly enthusiastically.
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Habitat, Scrub, xeric hammock, overgrown sandhill, flatwoods.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers
Attracts various pollinators, especially bees.. Documented bees include Caupolicana electa and Dialictus placidensi
- Requires protection from strong winds
- Retains leaves until just before blooming
- Prominant olive crownshaft
- Recently classified invasive
Prunus umbellata
Specimen tree, street or parking lot tree.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds and other animals eat the fruit.
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Habitat, Hammocks, pine woods, mixed woods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Pollinated by bees.
- Striking symmetrical appearance
- Uncommon edible fruit
- Cold tolerant
- Showy creamy white flowers
- Prominant olive crownshaft, slightly buldging
- Swollen, succulent branches
Quadrella jamaicensis
Flowers open white and rapidly turn pink.
Use as a specimen plant. Can also be used as a hedge.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure t
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Wildlife, Attracts birds
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Habitat, Dry sites. Coastal hammocks. Disturbed sites.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Attracts various pollinators.
Larval host for Florida white (Appias drusilla) butterfli
- Very showy clusters of red flowers
- Iconic symbol of the south
- Edible, healthy fruit
- Killed by citrus greening (HLB)
- Native
- Formal, old-world appearance
Quercus laurifolia
Depending on who you ask, there are two laurel oaks in Florida. Q. laurifolia (swamp laurel oak) and Q. hemisphaerica (Darlington oak, sand laurel oa
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Somewhat weak, and compared to live oak, short-lived.
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Wildlife, Produces acorns that are used by rodents, including squirrels, and other mammals
Acorns used by woodpeckers, jays, and wild turkeys.
High in tannins.
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Habitat, River floodplains, secondary woods.
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Did You Know?, Larval host for Horace’s Duskywing (Erynnis horatius) and White M Hairstreak (Parrhasius m-album).
Larval host for several moth species (some of the c
- Massive stature
- Unique foliage
- Attractive contrast between flowers and foliage
- Unusual deep green leaves with bronze underside
Habenaria quinqueseta
Keep it if you have it.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Wet hammocks, meadows, fence rows, roadsides, open and dense woods, wet flatwoods, floodplain forests.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Pollinated by moths.
- Narrow enough for tight spaces
- Retains leaves until just before blooming
- Elegant
- Unusual deep green leaves with bronze underside
Lyonia mariana
Has larger flowers than most lyonias.
Can be used as a specimen shrub or in a screen.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Slow growing.
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Habitat, Edges of flatwoods marshes, cypress-hardwood pond margins, bogs, shrub-tree swamps, hydric and low mesic flatwoods, occasionally in well-drained mixed
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers
Attracts bees.
- Long-lasting year-round blooms
- Prominent blue-gray crownshaft
- Not a true jasmine
- Fragrant clusters of flowers in fall
Cornus asperifolia
Forms thickets. Best used as a screen or buffer plant.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds and small mammals consume the fruit.
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Habitat, Dry woods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Larval host for cecropia silkmoth (Hyalophora cecropia) and spring azure butterfly (Celastrina ladon).
Attracts long-tongued bees, sho
- Will not tolerate frost
- Killed by citrus greening (HLB)
- Moderately drought tolerant
- Prized scent, used in commercial perfumes
- Arched, recurving fronds
Eupatorium rotundifolium
Wildflower garden especially in sunny moist areas.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Said to spread easily from seed to the extent that it can become hard to control.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume fruit.
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Habitat, Moist flatwoods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts many pollinators, especially important for native bees.
- Unique fluffy fronds
- Attractive glossy leaves
- Tropical silhouette
- Excellent choice for narrow spaces
- Requires occassional fertalization
- Long emerald crownshaft
Quercus geminata
Slower growing and generally smaller than live oak. Extremely drought tolerant.
In environments where there is fire, this is often a small clonal shru
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Valued by the Florida scrub-jay for its acorns which are relatively low in tanins and often used as a nesting tree.
Acorns used by woodpeckers and wil
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Habitat, Scrub, sandhill, scrubby flatwoods, flatwoods, coastal hammocks. Increases in flatwoods under winter burn management.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Larval host plant for oak hairstreak (Fixsenia favonius), Horace's duskywing (Erynnis horatius), red-b
- Easily trimmed for smaller spaces
- Massive stature when mature
- Damaged by citrus canker
Eustoma exaltatum
Wildflower garden especially in sandy or coastal areas.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt
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Habitat, Dry-moist-wet areas. Salt flats.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Pollinators unknown, but based on flower color, bees are likely.
- Flowers year round
- Stunning and colorful while in bloom
- Intoxicating fragrance
- Does best in cooler areas of South Florida
- Killed by citrus greening (HLB)
- Long emerald crownshaft
Liatris gracilis
Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Mesic to wet flatwoods, seep slopes, bogs, savannas, ditches, secondary woods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts butterflies and bees.
- Prominant olive crownshaft
- Highly salt tolerant
- Raised diamond-shaped trunk pattern
- Requires shade when young
- Attractive symmetrical appearance
- Very showy clusters of flowers
Schoenoplectus californicus
Useful for lakeshore stabilization, water quality improvement, wetland creation/restoration, and as a background plant for wetland ponds.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Spreads via rhizomes.
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Wildlife, Cover for wildlife. Seeds eaten by ducks, rodents.
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Habitat, Lakes, near shore.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
- Breathtaking and memorable
- Attractive light to medium green crownshaft
- Unique fluffy fronds
- Lovely deep green, glossy leaves
- Flowers profusely year round
