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Suriana maritima
Works well to control erosion (wind and water) on dunes.
Hedge or specimen plant in coastal areas.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt
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Habitat, Dunes, beaches, coastal scrub, sandy thickets.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Host plant for Martial Scrub Hairstreak (Strymon martialis) and Mallow Scrub Hairstreak
- Does poorly oceanside
- Falls over easily, may require staking
- Very showy clusters of flowers
Krugiodendron ferreum
Known for very dense wood, hence the common name. Said to have the heaviest wood on any American tree.
Specimen plant or small shade tree.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure t
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Wildlife, Fruit eaten by birds and other wildlife.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Hammocks.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
- Extremely popular
- Pleasant rounded shape
- Requires ample space and light
- Attractive light to medium green crownshaft
- Showy reddish peeling bark
- Fragrant clusters of flowers in fall
Clinopodium brownei
Groundcover for moist to wet sites.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Wetlands and ditches
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Interesting foliage
Attracts bees and small butterflies.
- Fruit attracts wildlife
- Christmas tree shape
- Beautiful pinwheel flowers, often multicolored
- Ideal for smaller spaces
- Colorful new leafs
Oxalis corniculata
Invasive in many parts of the world. It is either a blessing or a pest in Florida depending on where it is.
Good addition to a freedom lawn.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Will spread.
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Habitat, Disturbed areas
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Nectar attracts bees, butterflies and flies.
- Highly salt tolerant
- Attractive variegated foliage
- Showy red berries
Lonicera sempervirens
Coral honeysuckle's bark exfoliates.
Climbs by twining
Given a trellis or fence this plant makes a great hedge. It can also make a good groundcover t
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, If growing on a trellis, will need to be trimmed back annually.
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Wildlife, Flowers attract hummingbirds.
Birds, especially cardinals, eat the seeds - digesting the outer flesh of the fruit and aiding in distribution of the
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Habitat, Upland hardwood forests, floodplains, secondary woods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Larval host for Spring Azure (Celastrina ladon) and Snowberry Clearwing (Hemaris diffinis) butterflies.
- Raised diamond-shaped trunk pattern
- Swollen, succulent branches
- Mostly bare in the coldest months
- Stately and uncommon
- Showy creamy white flowers
- Prominent blue-gray crownshaft
Sambucus nigra subsp. canadensis
Used extensively in Indian cultures. Fruits are very high in Vitamin C.
Casual settings, wetland edge or screen plant. Rain gardens and bioswales. Lo
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Many would consider this plant weedy: it does self seed and spread via rhizomes. It's wood is weak; stems break easily. Use where these characteristic
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Wildlife, Fruits popular with birds.
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Habitat, Disturbed wetland edges, wet roadsides, etc.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Flowers attract many pollinators.
- Damaged by citrus canker
- Recently classified invasive
- Very showy bright yellow flowers
- Relatively compact and narrow canopy
- Requires ample space and light
Eutrochium fistulosum
Mass planting or specimen plant in moist areas. Best for informal gardens.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume fruit.
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Habitat, Moist hammocks, flatwoods, stream banks.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts butterflies.
Attracts many pollinators including bees.
Larval host plant for clymene moth (Haploa clymene).
- Magnificent when flowering
- Deciduous
- Does best with periodic fertalization
- Unusually shaped, asymmetrical tree
Amyris elemifera
Fragrant.
Noted for its 3-parted glossy leaves. Can be used as as a specimen plant, screen, or possibly a hedge.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, The fruit is eaten by birds and small mammals. Also used for cover or nesting by birds.
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Habitat, Coastal uplands
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Larval host plant for Bahamian swallowtail (Heraclides andraemon), giant swallowtail (Papilio cre
- Huge extremely fragrant flowers
- Cold tolerant
- Highly nutritious fruit
Ulmus alata
May need trimming to form a single trunk tree for landscaping.
Makes an excellent specimen tree due to the corky wings on its twigs. Older speciments
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Susceptible to the Dutch elm disease (not a problem in Florida). Has a shallow root system
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Wildlife, Important early spring food for songbirds.
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Habitat, Floodplains, slopes, well-drained forests.
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Did You Know?, Interesting bark, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Larval host for the question mark butterfly (Polygonia interrogationis)
- Stunning during brief late spring bloom
- Swollen, succulent branches
- Symmetrical shape
Argemone mexicana
This is one of Florida's most showy and most under-appreciated wildflowers. Look for it along disturbed roadsides in mid-late winter and early spring.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Sharp thorn-like prickles cover most of the plant. Highly toxic.
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Habitat, Ruderal areas. Common on dry roadsides.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Thorns
Attracts pollinators including bees, flies, and beetles. Documented bee species include Apis mellifera (honeybee), Dialictus
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Prominant gray-olive crownshaft
- Very showy clusters of red flowers
- Thrives only briefly, about 1 year
- Fruit eaten by birds
- Fragrant in the evening
Gonolobus suberosus
Natural areas with some trees and vines for support
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Tolerance, Unknown
Unknown
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Habitat, Mesic forests
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Did You Know?, Larvel host for monarch and queen butterflies
Pollinated by flies
- Killed by citrus greening (HLB)
- Pyramidal crown
- Requires high humidity
- Easy/Carefree
Lobelia cardinalis
Wildflower in moist garden, edge of water garden, understory plant in wet woods or stream edges
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Attracts hummingbirds.
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Habitat, Riverine swamps, spring run swamps, bogs, in mats of floating vegetation, wet ditches.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
The nectar attracts various Swallowtail butterflies.
Bumblebees will steal nectar through slits in the tubular corolla.
Halictid bees s
- Attracts butterflies
- Narrow enough for tight spaces
- Sometime grows horozontially
- Grows tall, but not massive
