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Sassafras albidum
Red/orange fall color is excellent. Leaves have three separate shapes: ovoid, tri-lobed, or mitten-shaped (left or right). Mature trees tend to have f
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Like other members of this family, sassafras trees are threatened by the spread of the redbay ambrosia beetle and the laural wilt fungus it carries. M
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Wildlife, Birds consume fruit.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Dry mesic forests.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Fall color, Interesting foliage
Larval food for spicebush butterfly(Papilio troilus), tiger swallow-tail(papilio glaucus), palamede
- Healthy edible fruit
- Handsome
- Breathtaking and memorable
- Highly salt tolerant
- Unique purple-brown crownshaft
- Excellent small hedge
Hymenocallis palmeri
This is one of Florida's more widespread spiderlilies. It is sometimes seen in roadside ditches. It is feasible to transplant this species if a plant
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Open wet flatwoods, marl prairies and savannas, moist but not flooded roadside swales.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Moth-pollinated, especially sphinx moths.
- Cold tolerant
- Elegant
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Attractive light to medium green crownshaft
Krugiodendron ferreum
Known for very dense wood, hence the common name. Said to have the heaviest wood on any American tree.
Specimen plant or small shade tree.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure t
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Wildlife, Fruit eaten by birds and other wildlife.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Hammocks.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
- Extremely popular
- Pleasant rounded shape
- Requires ample space and light
- Attractive light to medium green crownshaft
- Showy reddish peeling bark
- Fragrant clusters of flowers in fall
Varronia globosa
Background shrub.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, Can become weedy in the right conditions.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume food. Attracts various pollinators especially bees and butterflies.
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Habitat, Old fields, open areas, edges of hammocks.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Attracts butterflies including malachite, atala, and daggerwinds (Haehle and Brookstone 1999).
- Not recommended
- Readily pruned into attractive shapes
- Elegant and compact
- Salt tolerant
Quercus austrina
Relatively small for an oak. Use as specimen tree or in a grove.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds, squirrels, racoons, deer and other wildlife eat the seeds.
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Habitat, Well drained bottomlands and bluffs.
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Did You Know?, Larval host for brown duskywing butterfly (Erynnis horatius), and gray hairstreak (Strymon melinus), and white-M hairstreak (Parrhasius m-album).
- Damaged by citrus canker
- Uncommon edible fruit
- Rapid growth
- Unique foliage and silhouette
- Very fast growth rate
Pteridium aquilinum
This is one of the world's most widespread species. Multiple subspecies exist within Florida with two being widespread.
Because of its tolerance of a
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, In rich soils, may be overly aggressive.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Oak-pine-hickory woodslands. Tolerant of disturbance.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Beautiful, natural globe shape
- Sometime grows horozontially
- Beautiful rounded canopy
Andropogon virginicus
This plant can be used as a background planting that will create a light orange haze during the late fall and winter months. Andropogon virgnicus var.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Can be aggressive in disturbed lands.
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Wildlife, Provides food and nesting material for many small birds and other small animals.
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Habitat, Open seepage areas, flatwoods, marshes, ruderal areas.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
Larval host for zabulon skipper (Poanes zabulon).
- Ringed trunk
- Wind tolerant
- Rare, despite being a South Florida native
- Very full crown
Ruellia caroliniensis
Wild petunia's flower only last for a day, but they have a very long flowering period, starting in early spring and going strong through the fall. Ple
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Habitat, Dry mesic hammocks, flatwoods, sandhill, disturbed areas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Larval host for Common Buckeye (Junonia coenia) and White Peacock (Anartia jatrophae) butterflies.
Attracts many pollinators.
- Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
- Easy/Carefree
- Prominant olive crownshaft
- Relatively uncommon in South Florida
- Pleasant rounded shape
Lycium carolinianum
Succulent foliage.
This plant is in the tomato family. FNPS cannot vouch that the fruit is edible.
Specimen plant, hedge plant
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt spray without injury.
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Considertions, Toxic to livestock. Green fruits toxic to humans.
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds (Florida Wildflower Foundation)
Attracts hummingbirds (Hammer)
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Habitat, Salt marsh, salt flats.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Nectar plant for great southern white (Ascia monuste), gulf fritillary (A
- Forms an open canopy
- Bright red fruits
- Magnificent showy flowers in summer
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
Heliotropium gnaphalodes
Is listed as Endangered in Florida.
Hedges; small specimen plants; mass planting; ground cover; large planters. Dune reclamation.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt
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Considertions, A beautiful shrub for oceanfront gardens, but susceptible to diseases inland.
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Habitat, Coastal uplands, dunes.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Nectar plant for Miami blue (Cyclargus thomasi bethunebakeri) and other butterfly speci
- Beloved in South Florida
- Does poorly oceanside
- Attracts butterflies
- Relatively compact and narrow canopy
Sporobolus virginicus
Useful in coastal restoration or retained along a coastal shoreline for stabilization.
Salt marsh coastal stabilizer. Low dune stabilizer. Groundcove
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Tolerance, Tolerant of frequent or regular inundation (usually areas with tidal inundation)
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and
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Habitat, Dunes, salt marshes, disturbed saline areas.
- Massive, nutrient-dense edible fruit
- Showy clusters orange-yellow fruits in spring
- Year-round blooms
- Beautiful pinwheel flowers, often multicolored
Vaccinium myrsinites
The range includes all of peninsular Florida and the southern parts of Georgia, and Alabama.
Best used as a wildflower as it has a relatively short l
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume the fruit.
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Habitat, Scrub, scrubby flatwoods, flatwoods, high pine, cutthroat seep.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Attracts pollinators. Documented bee species include Augochlorella aurata, A. gratiosa, Augochloropsi
- Dense, full crown
- Does poorly oceanside
- Raised diamond-shaped trunk pattern
