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Ilex opaca
Both male and female plants required for pollination and seed set.
Specimen tree. Screen.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Sharp spines (teeth) on leaves.
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds.
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Habitat, Upland woods, second bottom but will not tolerate long flooding. Often an understory plant.
Documented in Lee County in a site likely to be natural.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Bees pollinate flowers.
- Fruit eaten by birds
- Does best in warmer areas of South Florida
- Moderately slow growth
Nyssa sylvatica
Specimen tree where its sweeping branches and scarlet fall color can be appreciated. Shade tree.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Considertions, Low branches are set at 90 degrees to the trunk and spread widely, so does not make a good street or lawn tree.
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Wildlife, Seeds are eaten by birds and small-to-medium-sized mammals.
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Habitat, Wooded areas, usually sandy, moist to dry.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Hurricane wind resistance
Bee pollinated.
- Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
- Breathtaking and memorable
- Bright red fruits
- Thrives only briefly, about 1 year
Erithalis fruticosa
This plant is considered to be Threatened in Florida. Please preserve in the landscape and acquire new plants in an environmentally sound manner (seed
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray would be uncommon (
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Wildlife, Wildlife food and shelter.
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Habitat, Coastal scrub, hammocks, pine rocklands, coastal flats.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
- Somewhat drought tolerant
- Narrow enough for tight spaces
- Attractive variegated foliage
- Prominent pale green crownshaft
Pteridium aquilinum
This is one of the world's most widespread species. Multiple subspecies exist within Florida with two being widespread.
Because of its tolerance of a
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, In rich soils, may be overly aggressive.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Oak-pine-hickory woodslands. Tolerant of disturbance.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Beautiful, natural globe shape
- Sometime grows horozontially
- Beautiful rounded canopy
Eupatorium perfoliatum
Wildflower garden especially in sunny moist areas.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Tall, can appear weedy especially when not in flower.
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Wildlife, Attracts many pollinators, especially important for native bees. Birds and other wildlife consume fruit. Larval host plant for clymene moth (Haploa cl
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Habitat, Moist to wet places often in partial shade, edges of streams and rivers.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
- Swollen, succulent branches
- Bright red fruits
- Stout, swollen trunk
- Unique swollen blue-green to silver trunk
- Fruit attracts wildlife
- Moderately salt tolerant
Chrysobalanus icaco
Pasco County occurrence is a 2004 specimen from Anclote Key Preserve and is a potential indicator of northward migration due to global warming.
Hedge
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Wildlife and birds consume the fruits though they areless useful for small birds due to itheir large size.
Provides dense cover.
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Habitat, Coastal swamps, beaches, cypress dones, Everglades tree islands, edges of ditches and canals.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Attracts various pollinators, especially bees.
- Sprawling and informal shrub
- Uncommon edible fruit
- Elegant and compact
Balduina angustifolia
The first year, this plant is a small rosette. The second year, it grows in height and flowers.
Balduina angustifolia is endemic to the southeastern c
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Not drought tolerant.
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Habitat, Open, dry sites. Naturally grows in scrub and scrubby flatwoods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts a variety of butterflies, including gulf fritillary, for nectar.
Attracts many native insects , especially bees including min
- Stunning long emerald crownshaft
- Easily trimmed to maintain desired size
- Requires ample space and light
- Breathtaking
- Does best in cooler areas of South Florida
- Unique purple-brown crownshaft
Ilex cassine
While naturally a wetland plant, this species does well across a broad array of cultural conditions.
Specimen tree.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, It's dioecious; so make sure you have at least one male plant in the vicinity to produce berries on the females.
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds and small mammals.
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Habitat, Dome swamps, coastal flatwoods, transitional edges of dome swamps in flatwoods, coastal flatwoods, bay swamps, cutthroat seep.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Bees pollinate flowers. Documented bee visitors include Hylaeus confluens, Augochlorapu
- Attracts butterflies and bees
- Not as popular as it once was
- Striking silhouette
- Attracts butterflies
- Can be kept narrow
Hibiscus poeppigii
Predominantly grown as a curiosity in the Florida Keys.
Wildflower gardens. Hammock restoration.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Attracts hummingbirds.
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Habitat, Edges of rockland hammocks.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Larval host of Gray Hairstreak, Painted Lady Butterfly, Common Checkered Skipper and Tropical Checkered Skipper butterflies and four
- Attractive shade tree
- Decorative diamond-shaped trunk pattern
- Beautiful rounded dense canopy
Spartina spartinae
Primarily useful for coastal restoration projects.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of frequent or regular inundation (usually areas with tidal inundation)
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and
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Wildlife, Attracts birds. Nesting and resting habitat.
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Habitat, Salt marshes, dunes.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Ringed trunk
- Colorful fall foliage
- Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
- Adequate moisture required
- Distinctive-looking fruit with spiked exterior
Hibiscus laevis
This is a wetland plant. It is rarely grown, but it has potential in appropriate sites.
Background screen in wet garden
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Attracts pollinators. Bees are especially important for fertilization.
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Habitat, Wet sites. Floodplains, riverbanks.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Larval host of Gray Hairstreak, Painted Lady Butterfly, Common Checkered Skipper and Tropical Checkered Skipper butterflies and four
- Colorful fall foliage
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Falls over easily, may require staking
- Retains leaves until just before blooming
- Pineapple-like showy fruits (female plants)
- Beautiful pinwheel flowers, often multicolored
Quadrella jamaicensis
Flowers open white and rapidly turn pink.
Use as a specimen plant. Can also be used as a hedge.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure t
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Wildlife, Attracts birds
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Habitat, Dry sites. Coastal hammocks. Disturbed sites.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Attracts various pollinators.
Larval host for Florida white (Appias drusilla) butterfli
- Very showy clusters of red flowers
- Iconic symbol of the south
- Edible, healthy fruit
- Killed by citrus greening (HLB)
- Native
- Formal, old-world appearance
