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Avicennia germinans
The common name black mangrove is a reference to the color of the trunk and heartwood. The plant excretes salt from its leaves, an adaptation to a sal
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Tolerance, Tolerant of frequent or regular inundation (usually areas with tidal inundation)
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and
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Wildlife, Provides good cover for birds and other wildlife.
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Habitat, Coastal mangrove wetlands, usually somewhat upland of the red mangrove(Rhizophora mangle) when found together.
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Did You Know?, Hurricane wind resistance
Larval host for mangrove buckeye (Junonia evarete) butterfly. Nectar plant for a variety of pollinators including the great
- Iconic symbol of the south
- Attractive mottled bark
- Unique, fern-like leaves
- Relatively compact and narrow canopy
Guapira discolor
Listed as Endangered by the State of Florida.
Small tree or large shrub known for its shiny leaves. Can be used in difficult sites (such as road edge
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Wildlife, Seeds eaten by birds. Also provides cover.
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Habitat, Dry-moist sites. Tropical hammocks, pine rocklands, coastal rock flats, coastal hammocks.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
- Easy/Carefree native
- Mostly bare in the coldest months
- Adequate fertalization required
Lycium carolinianum
Succulent foliage.
This plant is in the tomato family. FNPS cannot vouch that the fruit is edible.
Specimen plant, hedge plant
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt spray without injury.
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Considertions, Toxic to livestock. Green fruits toxic to humans.
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds (Florida Wildflower Foundation)
Attracts hummingbirds (Hammer)
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Habitat, Salt marsh, salt flats.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Nectar plant for great southern white (Ascia monuste), gulf fritillary (A
- Forms an open canopy
- Bright red fruits
- Magnificent showy flowers in summer
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
Berlandiera subacaulis
Even small plants can have large tap roots that run deep, but are easily transplanted.
Endemic to Florida.
Small specimen plant or groundcover.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Sandhill, dry flatwoods, upland mixed forests, ruderal sites.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts many different kinds of pollinators - bees, wasps, and butterflies.
- Falls over easily, may require staking
- Bright red fruits
- Prominent blue-gray crownshaft
- Salt tolerant
Erythrina herbacea
Forming a thicket for wildlife protection.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt spray without i
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Considertions, It has thorns, but they are rather small.
The seeds of Cherokee bean are poisonous and purportedly used for rat poison in Mexico.
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Wildlife, Attracts hummingbirds.
Due to its dense foliage and thorny stems, coral bean serves as a refuge for small birds and animals.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Upland mixed forest, thickets, tropical hammocks, coastal dunes, sandhill, flatwoods, tropical hammock, pine rocklands. This species can b
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Thorns
Attracts long-tongued pollinators.
- Cornerstone plant in South Florida
- Unique, sweet almond flavor
- Compact and versatile
- Healthy edible fruit
- Flowers year round
Baptisia simplicifolia
This plant is a legume and its roots have nitrogen-fixing nodules on them. It is useful on nutrient poor soils.
Baptisia simplicifolia is a Florida en
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Toxic to livestock and humans.
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Wildlife, Deer and rabbits browse the foliage, and as a legume it provides nutritious, protein-rich food.
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Habitat, Flatwoods, sandhills and other upland open pinelands
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Larval host for wild indigo duskywing (Erynnis baptisiae) and Zarucco duskywing (Erynnis zarucco) butterflies.
Pollinated by bumble bee
- Towering
- Flowers profusely year round
- Tropical silhouette
- Fragrant clusters of flowers in fall
Nolina brittoniana
This is listed by the USFWS as Endangered and may require landowner permission and/or permits to transplant. Please do not disturb this species unless
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Scrub, sandhilll.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
The following Hymenoptera families and species were observed visiting flowers of Nolina brittoniana at Archbold Biologica
- Excellent choice for narrow spaces
- Dark green leaves
- Unique, stout pineapple-like trunk when young
Stewartia malacodendron
The cream-colored petals are crimped at the margins with numerous dark-purple stamen filaments and bluish anthers. Silky hairs cover the lower leaf su
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Slope forest, upland hardwood forest, baygall. On acidic soils.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
- Rare and unique
- Beautiful pinwheel flowers, often multicolored
- Sprawling and informal shrub
- Attractive tiered canopy
Zephyranthes simpsonii
Flowers tend to appear in spring or after a significant rainfall. Otherwise inconspicuous.
Small wildflower or plant in with other low groundcovers.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Dome swamp, wet flatwoods, wet prairie. In ditches, wet pastures, roadsides. Often in burned areas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts pollinators.
- Often draped with Spanish moss
- Magnificent
- Stunning and colorful while in bloom
- Delicious edible fruit
- Prolific fruiter
- Does best with periodic fertalization
Cornus amomum
Has considerable winter interest as its bark is smooth and red.
Wet site hedge, wet site specimen plant especially if a clump is suitable.Rarely plan
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds and small mammals consume the fruit. Fruits used by birds and small mammals.
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Habitat, Riverine swamps, natural levees along streams, lake margins. Typically in areas with shallow annual inundation, typically during the winter/early spri
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Did You Know?, Interesting bark, Showy flowers
Larval host for cecropia silkmoth (Hyalophora cecropia) and spring azure butterfly (Celastrina ladon).
Attracts long
- Thick branching into attractive silouttes
- Wonderfully fragrant
- Attracts butterflies and bees
Ipomopsis rubra
In a 2020 study of salt in irrigation water (https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/55/7/article-p1119.xml), this species was found t
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, Can become weedy.
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Wildlife, Attracts hummingbirds.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Open, ruderal.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts butterflies.
- Uncommon
- Breathtaking and memorable
- Rapid growth
- Beautiful exotic foliage
- Heavy feeder
Vernonia gigantea
The genus name honors the English botanist William Vernon, who did fieldwork in North America.
Back of a moist wildflower garden. Can also use on the
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Habitat, Exposed sand and gravel bars of streams during low water, stream banks, hydric to wet mesic pine flatwoods. Rich soils. Ruderal.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Nectar attracts butterflies and native beens.
Larval host for spring azure butterfly.
- Colorful new leafs
- Rare, despite being a South Florida native
- Beautiful rounded dense canopy
