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Lycium carolinianum
Succulent foliage.
This plant is in the tomato family. FNPS cannot vouch that the fruit is edible.
Specimen plant, hedge plant
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt spray without injury.
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Considertions, Toxic to livestock. Green fruits toxic to humans.
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds (Florida Wildflower Foundation)
Attracts hummingbirds (Hammer)
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Habitat, Salt marsh, salt flats.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Nectar plant for great southern white (Ascia monuste), gulf fritillary (A
- Forms an open canopy
- Bright red fruits
- Magnificent showy flowers in summer
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
Quercus muehlenbergii
The range of this species barely makes it into north Florida but extends north to southern Canada.
Shade tree.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Fallen/falling acorns can be a maintenance issue.
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Wildlife, Acorns appreciated by squirrels, deer, turkey and other wildlife
Used by birds for resting and nesting
Larval host for gray hairstreak butterfly
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Habitat, Mesic calcareous hammocks.
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Did You Know?, Larval host for the white-M hairstreak (Parrhasius m-album).
- Elegant
- Towering
- Extremely versatile
Canella winterana
It is listed as Endangered by the state of Florida.
Understory tree. Use as screen or specimen plant.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Fruits eaten by birds and small mammals.
Hummingbirds visit the flowers.
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Habitat, Rockland hammock in coastal areas.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Nectar plant for Schaus' swallowtail (Heraclides aristodemius) and other butterflies.
- Cold tolerant
- Very full crown
- Fragrant in the evening
Symphyotrichum carolinianum
Use as a sprawling vine in wet areas. Works well as a stand-alone border along the edges of retention ponds.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Its sprawling or climbing habit make it best for an informal or naturalized setting.
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Habitat, Marshes, swamps, lake edges, river banks, coastal hammocks, floodplains.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Flowers draw a myriad of native bees, including polyester, sweat, cuckoo, leafcutter, mining, bumble and chimney b
- Not recommended
- Striking silhouette
- Prominent pale green or blue-gray crownshaft
- Cornerstone plant in South Florida
- Slender profile
- Adequate moisture required
Osmundastrum cinnamomeum
Called cinnamon fern because of the color of its fertile fronds. In Florida it sends up its fertile fronds in the spring and fall; farther north in it
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, This species typically grows on seepage edges of swamps and in the upper reaches of baygalls (bay swamps). It is not found in long-term standing wate
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
- Unique swollen blue-green to silver trunk
- Magnificent
- Excellent small to medium hedge
- Attractive shade tree
- Beautiful shiny green leaves
- Attractive flowers, typically deep orange
Leucothoe axillaris
Borders, foundation plantings, underplantings for trees and larger shrubs.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Foliage and nectar poisonous to humans and many mammals.
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Habitat, Low mixed forest, streambanks, somewhat seepy areas near springs
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Pollinated by bees.
- Wide umbrella-shaped canopy
- Bright red fruits
- Unique, fern-like leaves
- Does best with periodic fertalization
- Classic Southern tree
- Unique and prized
Carphephorus corymbosus
Dry meadows. Wildflower gardens.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Sandhill, scrubby flatwoods, mesic flatwoods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts many butterflies (NSIS), bees and other pollinators. One documented bee is Halictus ligatus (Deyrup et al. 2002).
- Stunning colorful foliage
- Excellent small hedge
- Underutilized
- Showy red berries
- Attracts butterflies and bees
- Salt tolerant
Chrysobalanus icaco
Pasco County occurrence is a 2004 specimen from Anclote Key Preserve and is a potential indicator of northward migration due to global warming.
Hedge
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Wildlife and birds consume the fruits though they areless useful for small birds due to itheir large size.
Provides dense cover.
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Habitat, Coastal swamps, beaches, cypress dones, Everglades tree islands, edges of ditches and canals.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Attracts various pollinators, especially bees.
- Sprawling and informal shrub
- Uncommon edible fruit
- Elegant and compact
Crataegus crus-galli
Small specimen tree. Slow growing. Hedge.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Thorns of up to 3 inches long from branches and trunk.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume the fruit.
Browsed by deer and rabbits.
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Habitat, Open woods, upland woods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Larval food for hummingbird clearwing moth(Hemaris thysbe), striped hairstreak butterfly(Satyrium liparops), and blinded
- Retains leaves until just before blooming
- Slender profile
- Damaged by citrus canker
- Unique fluffy fronds
Balduina angustifolia
The first year, this plant is a small rosette. The second year, it grows in height and flowers.
Balduina angustifolia is endemic to the southeastern c
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Not drought tolerant.
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Habitat, Open, dry sites. Naturally grows in scrub and scrubby flatwoods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts a variety of butterflies, including gulf fritillary, for nectar.
Attracts many native insects , especially bees including min
- Stunning long emerald crownshaft
- Easily trimmed to maintain desired size
- Requires ample space and light
- Breathtaking
- Does best in cooler areas of South Florida
- Unique purple-brown crownshaft
Eupatorium perfoliatum
Wildflower garden especially in sunny moist areas.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Tall, can appear weedy especially when not in flower.
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Wildlife, Attracts many pollinators, especially important for native bees. Birds and other wildlife consume fruit. Larval host plant for clymene moth (Haploa cl
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Habitat, Moist to wet places often in partial shade, edges of streams and rivers.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
- Swollen, succulent branches
- Bright red fruits
- Stout, swollen trunk
- Unique swollen blue-green to silver trunk
- Fruit attracts wildlife
- Moderately salt tolerant
Berlandiera subacaulis
Even small plants can have large tap roots that run deep, but are easily transplanted.
Endemic to Florida.
Small specimen plant or groundcover.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Sandhill, dry flatwoods, upland mixed forests, ruderal sites.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts many different kinds of pollinators - bees, wasps, and butterflies.
- Falls over easily, may require staking
- Bright red fruits
- Prominent blue-gray crownshaft
- Salt tolerant
