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Ulmus americana
This tree is subject to Dutch elm disease. Dutch elm disease has not been detected in Florida (IFAS 2008). In most of eastern North America, this tree
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, While Dutch elm disease has not been detected in Florida (IFAS, 2018), the planting practices that result in massive losses of street trees north of F
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Wildlife, Seeds used by birds in spring when little else is available.
Used for nesting.
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Habitat, Floodplain forest, wet mesic forests, hardwood swamps.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Interesting foliage
Larval host for: Eastern Comma (Polygonia comma), Question Mark (Polygonia interrogationis), Painted Lady (Vanessa ca
- Beautiful pinwheel flowers, often multicolored
- Very full crown
- Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
Pteridium aquilinum
This is one of the world's most widespread species. Multiple subspecies exist within Florida with two being widespread.
Because of its tolerance of a
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, In rich soils, may be overly aggressive.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Oak-pine-hickory woodslands. Tolerant of disturbance.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Beautiful, natural globe shape
- Sometime grows horozontially
- Beautiful rounded canopy
Erythrina herbacea
Forming a thicket for wildlife protection.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt spray without i
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Considertions, It has thorns, but they are rather small.
The seeds of Cherokee bean are poisonous and purportedly used for rat poison in Mexico.
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Wildlife, Attracts hummingbirds.
Due to its dense foliage and thorny stems, coral bean serves as a refuge for small birds and animals.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Upland mixed forest, thickets, tropical hammocks, coastal dunes, sandhill, flatwoods, tropical hammock, pine rocklands. This species can b
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Thorns
Attracts long-tongued pollinators.
- Cornerstone plant in South Florida
- Unique, sweet almond flavor
- Compact and versatile
- Healthy edible fruit
- Flowers year round
Torreya taxifolia
In the wild, Torreya is dying out due to disease. If choosing to plant this species, obtain disease-free (out-of-state) specimens and plant well-remov
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Disease. Do not plant in areas where the species grows naturally due to disease -- this means avoiding the bluffs along the Apalachicola River.
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Wildlife, Birds eat seeds.
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Habitat, Slope forest, upland hardwood forest. Rich wooded ravines.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Prolific fruiter
- Majestic, sprawling canopy
- Excellent small hedge
- Breathtaking
- Easy/Carefree native
Rhynchospora latifolia
This is a sedge. Most Rhynchospora species are wind pollinated. The white bracts of this species attract insects.
Wetland garden or informal savanna.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Savannas, wet prairies.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts bees and butterflies
- Beautiful shiny green leaves
- Ideal for smaller spaces
- Imposing stature
- Often hosts orchids, ferns and bromiliads
Ilex coriacea
Occurs naturally at the edges of wooded areas and creates a hedge-like appearance.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, It's dioecious; so make sure you have at least one male plant in the vicinity to produce berries on the females.
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds.
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Habitat, Wet flatwoods, titi swamps, bogs.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
Bees pollinate flowers.
- Susceptible to breakage, even in moderate winds
- Sometime grows horozontially
- Abundance of orange-red flowers in summer
- Attractive light to medium green crownshaft
Gelsemium rankinii
Rarely grown but worthy of consideration for moist areas.
Poisonous and nectar may be toxic to some insects.
Grow on support or up a tree in moist ar
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, The flowers, leaves, and roots are poisonous and may be lethal to humans and livestock. The species nectar may also be toxic to honeybees if too much
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Wildlife, Possibly used by hummingbirds, but toxins in the nectar may make it a last resort.
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Habitat, Bogs, acidic swamps, wet river swamps.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Attracts bees.
- Tall and stately
- Unusually shaped, asymmetrical tree
- Attractive flowers, typically deep orange
Carya floridana
Specimen tree. Use only where roots will be undisturbed.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Nuts and leaf litter can be messy.
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Wildlife, Fruits eaten by small mammals.
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Habitat, Sandhill, clayhill, scrub
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Hurricane wind resistance
Larval host for many moths including; luna moth (Actias luna), hickory leafroller moth (Argyrotaenia juglandana
- Unique, fern-like leaves
- Easily trimmed for smaller spaces
- Sometime grows horozontially
- Often draped with Spanish moss
- Rare, despite being a South Florida native
Liatris tenuifolia
Two varieties exist, both occur in this area.
Wildflower garden.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Scrub, scrubby flatwoods, dry flatwoods. Also known from some rockland areas in Miami-Dade County.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts butterflies and bees.
Documented bee visitors include Agapostemon spleizdens, Augochlorella aurata, Augochloropsis suinptuosa
- Highly salt tolerant
- Dark green leaves
- Attractive shade tree
Amsonia ciliata
The blue tubular flower opens into 5 petal-like lobes with a white center. Several blossoms grow in a loose cluster. Narrow seed pods and dark yellow
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Ruby-throated hummingbirds are attracted to the nectar.
Avoided by mammalian herbivores.
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Habitat, Flatwoods, chalky hills.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers
The flowers attract long-tongued insects such as carpenter bees, hummingbird moths, and butterflies. Not known to be a lar
- Healthy edible fruit
- Does best in cooler areas of South Florida
- Width often exceeds height
- Slow Growth
- Dark green leaves
Cyrilla racemiflora
Hedge plant.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, In unburned natural wetlands, this plant sometimes form almost impenetrable thickets along the edge.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume the fruit.
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Habitat, Swampy sites, wet pine flatwoods, sloughs and edges of cypress swamps, seepage swamps and bogs, savannas, other wet depressional areas.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Attracts bees (https://wildflower.org).
- Massive, nutrient-dense edible fruit
- Beautiful purple-brown crownshaft
- Rapid growth
- Cold tolerant
- Ringed trunk
Viola spp.
Naturalistic woodland landscapes.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Dies back in the winter. Depending upon the species, it may seed prolifically.
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Habitat, Dry to mesic upland hardwood forests, bluff microsites, upper fringes of wiregrass seep slopes.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
- Showy reddish peeling bark
- Unique flowers, with petals like banana peels
- Wind tolerant
- Attractive glossy leaves
- Dense attractive foliage
- Unique fluffy fronds
