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Ernodea littoralis
Low specimen plant, mass plantings. Can be used as a low hedge, even sheared. Useful for beach dune stabilization.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure t
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Considertions, Clonal.
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Wildlife, Provides food for birds.
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Habitat, Dunes, coastal areas with rocky soils (sunny, open areas), pine rockland
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Flowers attract butterflies.
- Briefly bare for about a month in the winter
- Beautiful silhouette
- Majestic, sprawling canopy
- Excellent small to medium hedge
- Cornerstone plant in South Florida
Cephalanthus occidentalis
Noted for it's round satellite "ball" flowers and round "button" fruits. Fragrant.
Sources disagree on salt tolerance of this plant.
Wetlands and wet
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Foliage is poisonous to livestock and humans.
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Wildlife, Deer browse the foliage. Ducks and other birds including jays, cardinals, nuthatches, titmice, warblers, and mockingbirds consume the seed.
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Habitat, Marshes, swamps, river floodplains
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Host plant to several moths including titan sphinx (Aellopos titan) and hydrangea sphinx (Darapsa versi
- Mostly bare in the coldest months
- Beautiful exotic foliage
- Rapid growth
- Uniquely shaped with a muscular look
- Prolific fruiter
Amorpha herbacea
A second subspecies, Amorpha herbacea subsp. crenulata is Endemic to Dade County. Considered to by Endangered by the State of Florida and by the USFW
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Pine rocklands and in marl prairies (trasverse glades).
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Larval host for silver spotted skipper (Epargyreus clarus) and southern dogface (Zerene cesonia) butterflies.
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- Available single or multi-stalked
- Delicious edible fruit
- Damaged by citrus canker
- Fragrant in the evening
- Silvery blue-green fronds
- Showy clusters orange-yellow fruits in spring
Berlandiera subacaulis
Even small plants can have large tap roots that run deep, but are easily transplanted.
Endemic to Florida.
Small specimen plant or groundcover.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Sandhill, dry flatwoods, upland mixed forests, ruderal sites.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts many different kinds of pollinators - bees, wasps, and butterflies.
- Falls over easily, may require staking
- Bright red fruits
- Prominent blue-gray crownshaft
- Salt tolerant
Justicia pringlei
Makes a nice ground cover in semi-shady to shady areas.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Hammocks, secondary woods and hedge rows.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Flowers profusely year round
- Attracts butterflies
- Massive stature when mature
- Beautiful purple-brown crownshaft
Asimina reticulata
Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Difficult to establish because of long tap root.
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Wildlife, Small mammals and birds harvest the fruit.
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Habitat, Flatwoods, ruderal (pastures), scrubby flatwoods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Larval host for zebra swallowtail (Eurytides marcellus) and pawpaw sphinx (Dolba hyloeus). Pollinated by flies and beetles.
- Magnificent showy flowers in summer
- Relatively compact and narrow canopy
- Not recommended
- Attractive variegated foliage
- Critically endangered
- Very showy bright yellow flowers
Phyla nodiflora
Low growing groundcover. Can be used as a turf substitute in low traffic areas.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Habitat, Dry-moist-wet sites. Disturbed wet prairies, ruderal areas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Larval host for common buckeye (Junonia coenia), phaon crescent (Phyciodes phaon) and white peacock (Anartia jatr
- Requires occassional fertalization
- Rare, despite being a South Florida native
- Iconic symbol of the south
- Narrow crown
- Relatively compact and narrow canopy
Pinckneya bracteata
The showy part of the flower is the white, pink or rose bracts that become petal-like.
This species is listed as Threatened by the State of Florida. P
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Edges of bayheads, swamps; bogs; steepheads; wet flatwoods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Attracts bees and butterflies.
- Delicious edible fruit
- Prominant olive crownshaft
- Intoxicating fragrance
- Very showy clusters of red flowers
- Healthy edible fruit
- Narrow canopy
Juncus roemerianus
Salt marsh restoration. Not a good choice for most landscape uses.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of frequent or regular inundation (usually areas with tidal inundation)
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and
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Wildlife, Used by birds for nesting and food.
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Habitat, Salt marsh.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Thick branching into attractive silouttes
- Clusters of tubular flowers
- Breathtaking
- Elegant and compact
Ruellia noctiflora
Moist wildflower meadow
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Flowers open at night
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Habitat, Wet flatwoods and bogs
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Did You Know?, Pollinated by Sphinx moths
- Sometime grows horozontially
- Excellent edible fruit
- Smaller stature
- Will not tolerate frost
- Beautiful, natural globe shape
Piloblephis rigida
This is nearly endemic to Florida (there are a few documented occurrences in southeastern Georgia).
Wildflower garden, groundcover.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Short-lived: it tends to die back after a few years.
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Habitat, Scrubby flatwoods, scrub, dry flatwoods, dry prairie, sandhill, ruderal.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers
Attracts butterflies and bees (Florida Wildflower Foundation Blog). Documented bee visitors include Agapostemoiz spl
- Attracts butterflies
- Long emerald crownshaft
- Ringed trunk
- Unique foliage and silhouette
Asclepias humistrata
Interesting pink veined foliage, showy flowers. Often lies on its side with the flowers held somewhat above the rest of the plant.
Has an extremely de
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Toxic if eaten unless boiled with two waters. Tends to sprawl.
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Habitat, Sandhill, clayhill, scrub.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Larval host to the Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus), Queen butterfly (Danaus gilippus) and other
- Hummingbird favorite
- Somewhat drought tolerant
- Attractive glossy leaves
- Critically endangered
