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Cornus alternifolia
Small specimen tree. Can also work as an understory tree.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds and small mammals consume the fruit.
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Habitat, Slope forest, upland hardwood forest. Bluffs, creek forests.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Larval host for cecropia silkmoth (Hyalophora cecropia) and spring azure butterfly (Celastrina ladon).
- Smaller stature
- Imposing stature
- Does best with periodic fertalization
- Easily trimmed to maintain desired size
- Susceptible to breakage, even in moderate winds
- Not a true pine
Wisteria frutescens
Less aggressive growth than similar Asian species. Blooms only on new wood. At least one cultivar has white flowers.
Good trellis, post or fence vine
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Foliage palatable to deer.
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Habitat, Floodplains, gum swamps, upland thickets.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Attracts pollinators.
Larval host for silver spotted skipper (Epargyreus clarus) and long-tailer skipper (Urbanus
- Colorful older leaves
- Massive stature when mature
- Unique, fern-like leaves
Dicerandra spp.
All perennial Dicerandra species in Florida a rare and endangered. They appear to be closely related and form hybrid swarms if grown in a common garde
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Difficult to establish and hence rarely grown. Retain this if you have it on a site. These are abundant along some dry roadsides and retaining these w
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Habitat, Sandhill settings.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers
Attracts pollinators.
- Beloved in South Florida
- Can be kept narrow
- Completely bare in winter
- Recently classified invasive
- Compact size
Psychotria ligustrifolia
Specimen or hedge plant.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Birds and other animals use the fruits
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Habitat, Tropocal hammocks, pine flatwoods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Attracts bees and wasps, some flies, and other pollinators.
- Extremely versatile
- Distinctive-looking fruit with spiked exterior
- Beautiful rounded canopy
- Majestic and graceful
Carphephorus carnosus
Endemic to Florida.
Wildflower garden,
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Low sites. Cutthroat seeps, hydric to wet-mesic pine flatwoods, savannas, seep slopes.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts many butterflies, bees and other pollinators. (Hawthorn Hill Wildflowers).
- Recently classified invasive
- Extremely popular
- Bright red fruits
- Requires protection from strong winds
- Flowers year round
Rudbeckia spp.
Multiple species are native to Florida. Most are attractive and many are easy to grow. This is a catch-all for species not listed individually. Ple
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Small seed-eating birds pick out the seeds from the mature flower heads.
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Habitat, Vary by species. Mostly sandhills, bogs, roadsides, ruderal.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attract butterflies, bees and wasps.
- Long emerald crownshaft
- Can be grown indoors
- Somewhat drought tolerant
- Colorful new leafs
- No longer recommended
Varronia globosa
Background shrub.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, Can become weedy in the right conditions.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume food. Attracts various pollinators especially bees and butterflies.
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Habitat, Old fields, open areas, edges of hammocks.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Attracts butterflies including malachite, atala, and daggerwinds (Haehle and Brookstone 1999).
- Not recommended
- Readily pruned into attractive shapes
- Elegant and compact
- Salt tolerant
Quercus austrina
Relatively small for an oak. Use as specimen tree or in a grove.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds, squirrels, racoons, deer and other wildlife eat the seeds.
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Habitat, Well drained bottomlands and bluffs.
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Did You Know?, Larval host for brown duskywing butterfly (Erynnis horatius), and gray hairstreak (Strymon melinus), and white-M hairstreak (Parrhasius m-album).
- Damaged by citrus canker
- Uncommon edible fruit
- Rapid growth
- Unique foliage and silhouette
- Very fast growth rate
Bidens laevis
Depending on the weather, this may be either an annual or perennial in Florida.
Informal gardens in wet sites.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, The fruits stick to pant legs and animal fur leading to moniker beggarticks. Generally no an issue in the wetland sites where this will grow.
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Habitat, Swamps, river edget
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts native bees and butterflies
- Tall and romantic
- Fruit attracts wildlife
- Striking symmetrical appearance
- Unique and prized
- Beloved in South Florida
- Grows tall, but not massive
Delphinium carolinianum
This species is more common in adjacent states and occurs broadly in mid-western prairies. Its range barely makes it into Florida.
The southern end
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Habitat, Prairies, rocky glades
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
- Formal, old-world appearance
- Prominant gray-olive crownshaft
- Unusually shaped, asymmetrical tree
- Requires ample space and light
- Showy red berries
Rosa carolina
Information on salt tolerance comes from northern nurseries and likely relates to tolerance of salt used for de-icing or roadways. The extent to whic
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, Thorny (well, you would expect that for a rose!)
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Wildlife, Fruits eaten by birds and small mammals.
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Habitat, Dry deciduous forests. Also cultivated.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Thorns
Attracts a variety of insects, especially important for native bees.
- Uncommon edible fruit
- Can be grown indoors
- Attractive dark green leaves
Rhododendron minus var. chapmanii
Endemic to Florida
Listed as Endangered by the USFWS and FL
Specimen plant. Screen plant. Can be grown in a mass under trees.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Attracts pollinators, including hummingbirds.
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Habitat, Mesic flatwoods, scrubby flatwoods, seep slope. Ecotone between flatwoods and edges of titi swamps.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts insects. Apparently important to bumble bees.
- Killed by citrus greening (HLB)
- Elegant and compact
- Colorful new leafs
- Excellent edible fruit
