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Rudbeckia spp.
Multiple species are native to Florida. Most are attractive and many are easy to grow. This is a catch-all for species not listed individually. Ple
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Small seed-eating birds pick out the seeds from the mature flower heads.
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Habitat, Vary by species. Mostly sandhills, bogs, roadsides, ruderal.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attract butterflies, bees and wasps.
- Long emerald crownshaft
- Can be grown indoors
- Somewhat drought tolerant
- Colorful new leafs
- No longer recommended
Bidens laevis
Depending on the weather, this may be either an annual or perennial in Florida.
Informal gardens in wet sites.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, The fruits stick to pant legs and animal fur leading to moniker beggarticks. Generally no an issue in the wetland sites where this will grow.
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Habitat, Swamps, river edget
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts native bees and butterflies
- Tall and romantic
- Fruit attracts wildlife
- Striking symmetrical appearance
- Unique and prized
- Beloved in South Florida
- Grows tall, but not massive
Lyonia lucida
Difficult to transplant. Clonal.
May be used as a hedge and takes to pruning.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Apparently toxic to many mammals
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Habitat, Flatwoods, dome swamp (on hummocks), scrub, scrubby flatwoods. In wetlands typically on hummocks.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Attracts bees. The following bees were observed visiting flowers of Lyonia lucida at Archbold B
- Narrow crown
- Sprawling and informal shrub
- Drought tolerant
- Beautiful rounded canopy
- Requires occassional fertalization
- Prominant olive crownshaft
Colubrina arborescens
Listed as endangered in Florida. Please acquire from appropriate sources.
Large tree or small shrub. Buffer planting or specimen tree.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Considertions, Seeds. Can become a weed.
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Wildlife, Birds and other small wildlife consume seed.
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Habitat, Rockland hammocks and understory of pine rocklands.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
Pollinated by bees (http://tropical.theferns.info/).
- Native
- Narrow canopy
- Abundance of orange-red flowers in summer
- Lush, dense shade tree
Zanthoxylum clava-herculis
Wood is quite soft and weak. This author had one break in a storm. It did however resprout from low on the trunk and the sprout is now about 15 ft t
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Considertions, Quite thorny.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife eat the fruit.
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Habitat, Hammocks, wet woods, dunes, shell middens.
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Did You Know?, Interesting bark, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage, Thorns
Larval host for giant swallowtail (Papilio cresphontes).
- Attracts butterflies and bees
- Showy display of fruit
- Beautiful sweeping fronds with drooping leaflets
- Killed by citrus greening (HLB)
Myrsine cubana
It's quite hardy and tolerant of difficult environments.
The herbarium specimen from Wakulla County is from a natural area. It is a 2012 specimen and
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Wildlife, Good wildlife shelter. Birds eat the fruits.
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Habitat, Hammocks, pinelands, sloughs, seasonally flooded marshes in pine rocklands.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Long-lived perennial
- Christmas tree shape
- Formal, old-world appearance
- Beautiful shiny green leaves
- Heavy feeder
Vachellia farnesiana
Although drought-tolerant, this shrub/small tree may benefit from a few deep, thorough soakings during extremely dry periods. When young, it tends to
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt
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Considertions, Thorns on trunks and branches. Place where flowers and fragrance can be enjoyed, but away from walkways. Can suffer from root rot if too wet.
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Wildlife, The thorny branches make good cover for birds and other wildlife. Fruits are not generally valued. Attracts pollinators.
There are 2 subspecies, V. fa
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Habitat, Coastal uplands, ruderal, shell middens
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage, Thorns
Attracts pollinators and uses ants both for protection against unwanted insects.
- Briefly bare for about a month in the winter
- Very rare
- Prominant olive crownshaft
- Grows tall, but not massive
- Prominent pale green crownshaft
- Intoxicating fragrance
Bacopa monnieri
Low ground-hugging ground cover in restoration areas, in ditches, and on wetland edges.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, It can become aggressive in the right conditions.
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Habitat, Lakes edges, stream floodplains, marshes, swamps
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Larval host plant for white peacock (Anartia jatrophae) butterflies.
Insect pollinated.
Attracts low-flying butter
- Year-round blooms
- Killed by citrus greening (HLB)
- Tall and romantic
- Wind tolerant
Quercus phellos
The range of this tree barely makes it into north Florida. It is much more common in the remainder of the southeast.
Shade tree. The root system is f
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Considertions, Fallen/falling acorns may be an issue.
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Wildlife, Acorns are eaten by woodpeckers, songbirds, ducks, small mammals, wild turkeys, white-tailed deer, quail and black bears
Provides cover and nesting ar
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Habitat, Floodplains, hardwood swamp borders.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Hurricane wind resistance
Host plant for the banded hairstreak, Edward's hairstreak, gray hairstreak, white-M hairstreak, Horace's duskyw
- Beautiful rounded canopy
- Lush, dense shade tree
- Excellent small hedge
- Symmetrical shape
Crataegus flava
Specimen plant, screen plantings, sometimes with unusual or weeping form.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Thorns.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume the fruit.
Used as browse by deer and rabbits.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Open woods, mixed woods, sandy pinelands.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Thorns
Larval food for hummingbird clearwing moth(Hemaris thysbe), striped hairstreak butterfly(Satyrium liparops), and blinded sphinx
- Elegant appearance
- Tall and stately
- Showy reddish peeling bark
- Stately and uncommon
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
