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Cornus alternifolia
Small specimen tree. Can also work as an understory tree.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds and small mammals consume the fruit.
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Habitat, Slope forest, upland hardwood forest. Bluffs, creek forests.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Larval host for cecropia silkmoth (Hyalophora cecropia) and spring azure butterfly (Celastrina ladon).
- Smaller stature
- Imposing stature
- Does best with periodic fertalization
- Easily trimmed to maintain desired size
- Susceptible to breakage, even in moderate winds
- Not a true pine
The wood is noted as being very strong, hence the common name "ironwood"
Does not do well much south of its natural range.
Small specimen tree. Also
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Seeds are not popular with most birds, but it provides good cover.
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Habitat, Dry-mesic deciduous woods. Hammocks, bluff microsites.
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Did You Know?, Interesting bark, Fall color, Hurricane wind resistance
- Falls over easily, may require staking
- Produces aromatic flowers year-round
- Elegant and compact
- Massive stature when mature
- Attractive light to medium green crownshaft
Pteris bahamensis
Bahama ladder brake hybridizes with the non-native and invasive China brake (P. vittata) forming Delchamps' ladder brake (P. x delchampsii). Bahama la
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Needs periodic removal of old fronds -- cut the clumps back in winter or early spring.
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Habitat, Pine rockland, sinkhole (edges). On limestone.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Stunning during brief late spring bloom
- Tropical silhouette
- Striking and exotic
- Stunning
- Very rare
Carphephorus carnosus
Endemic to Florida.
Wildflower garden,
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Low sites. Cutthroat seeps, hydric to wet-mesic pine flatwoods, savannas, seep slopes.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts many butterflies, bees and other pollinators. (Hawthorn Hill Wildflowers).
- Recently classified invasive
- Extremely popular
- Bright red fruits
- Requires protection from strong winds
- Flowers year round
Bidens alba
Many of us think of this is a weed that we allow to grow for its value to insects.
Casual settings, especially toward the rear of wildflower gardens
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Once you have this plant, you will always have this plant. It can be quite weedy. The seeds have barbs which stick to clothing and pet fur.
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Habitat, Ruderal.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts native bees, butterflies.
Larval host for the dainty sulphur (Nathalis iole) butterfly.
- Moderately salt tolerant
- Relatively uncommon in South Florida
- Attractive blue-green to silver leaflets
Iva frutescens
Retain in the landscape for coastal protection where present. Used for dune restoration.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of frequent or regular inundation (usually areas with tidal inundation)
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and
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Wildlife, Provides some cover for wildlife and maybe some foods.
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Habitat, Salt marsh, dunes.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
- Highly nutritious fruit
- Abundance of orange-red flowers in summer
- Unique, sweet, almond-like flavor
- Pineapple-like showy fruits (female plants)
Cliftonia monophylla
Hedge in wet sites, pond borders. Good for a small thicket. Grow as a small tree or large shrub.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Browsed by deer.
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Habitat, Hydric flatwoods, seep swamps, sloughs, stream banks, bogs, wiregrass savannas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts bees (https://flawildflowers.org/).
- Showy display of fruit
- No longer recommended
- Pleasant rounded shape
- Cold tolerant
- Very full crown
- Attractive symmetrical appearance
Varronia globosa
Background shrub.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, Can become weedy in the right conditions.
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Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume food. Attracts various pollinators especially bees and butterflies.
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Habitat, Old fields, open areas, edges of hammocks.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits
Attracts butterflies including malachite, atala, and daggerwinds (Haehle and Brookstone 1999).
- Not recommended
- Readily pruned into attractive shapes
- Elegant and compact
- Salt tolerant
Bacopa caroliniana
Lemon bacopa is distinguished by blue flowers, a hairy upper stem, and by the lemony scent of its crushed foliage.
Spreading ground cover around the
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Marshes, swamps, ditches
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Larval host plant for white peacock (Anartia jatrophae) butterflies. Insect pollinated.
- Thrives only briefly, about 1 year
- Showy red berries
- Highly nutritious fruit
Quercus austrina
Relatively small for an oak. Use as specimen tree or in a grove.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds, squirrels, racoons, deer and other wildlife eat the seeds.
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Habitat, Well drained bottomlands and bluffs.
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Did You Know?, Larval host for brown duskywing butterfly (Erynnis horatius), and gray hairstreak (Strymon melinus), and white-M hairstreak (Parrhasius m-album).
- Damaged by citrus canker
- Uncommon edible fruit
- Rapid growth
- Unique foliage and silhouette
- Very fast growth rate
Symphyotrichum dumosum
Wildflower garden, meadow.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Sandhills, flatwoods, pine-oak-hickory woods, floodplains, secondary woods, cutthroat seep.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts pollinators, especially native bees.
Larval host plant for pearl crescent (Phyciodes tharos) butterflies.
- Not a true pine
- Will not tolerate frost
- Massive, nutrient-dense edible fruit
Asclepias tuberosa
Sometimes difficult to establish in new areas, but definitely worth the effort.
Wildflower garden, meadow.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Reported to attract hummingbirds.
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Habitat, Sandhill, clayhill, scrub, ruderal
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts butterflies, bees, other insects.
Larval host to the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus), queen butterfly (Danaus gilippus) a
- Pineapple-like showy fruits (female plants)
- Retains leaves until just before blooming
- Long emerald crownshaft
- Thrives only briefly, about 1 year
- Beautiful purple-brown crownshaft
- Attracts butterflies
