Can be pruned either as a small tree or a large shrub. Can also be used as a hedge. , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Considertions, Thorns. , Wildlife, Fruits eaten by birds and small mammals. Good cover plant. , Habitat, Moist hammocks. Rare. , Did You Know?, Interesting foliage, Thorns Native bees love the flowers.

Informal settings where it can be a low hedge plant or specimen. Plant forms small clusters by suckering, so give it room. , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Considertions, In the right conditions, the suckering will be aggressive. , Habitat, Mesic-wet mesic sites. Slope forests, bluffs, riverine floodplain, upland hardwood forest, slope forest, bottomland forest. Found on stream banks. , Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Fall color, Showy flowers Mostly pollinated by sap beetles. The beetles are drawn by the scent of fermentation, and they work their

As the name infers, the flowers of this plant open at night. Once the sun starts coming up, the flowers will begin to wilt. By night fall the flowers , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray. , Considertions, This species can be weedy. , Wildlife, Bobwhite, mourning dove and gold finches feed on the seeds , Habitat, Cutleaf evening-primrose is found most often in sandy and limerock based soils, and favors disturbed areas. , Did You Know?, Showy flowers Attracts native bees, butterflies and moths.  Especially interesting to native bees.

Wildflower garden. , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Habitat, Bluffs, swamps, floodplains, wet flatwoods, bogs, savannas. , Did You Know?, Showy flowers Attracts bees and butterflies.

Difficult to transplant. Clonal. May be used as a hedge and takes to pruning. , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Considertions, Apparently toxic to many mammals , Habitat, Flatwoods, dome swamp (on hummocks), scrub, scrubby flatwoods. In wetlands typically on hummocks. , Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage Attracts bees.  The following bees were observed visiting flowers of Lyonia lucida at Archbold B

Rarely planted. Good background plant. Can make a good screen. Becomes scraggly if overly shaded, but may be trimmed back for bushier growth. Clonal. , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds though it is bitter and often eaten as a last resort. , Habitat, Low flatwoods, cutthroat seeps, dry prairie, coastal swales, bogs, sinks. , Did You Know?, Bees pollinate flowers. Documented bees include Colletes banksi, C. brimleyi, C. inandibularis, C. nudus, Perdita floridensis, Agapostemon splendens,

It's quite hardy and tolerant of difficult environments. The herbarium specimen from Wakulla County is from a natural area.  It is a 2012 specimen and , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo , Wildlife, Good wildlife shelter.  Birds eat the fruits. , Habitat, Hammocks, pinelands, sloughs, seasonally flooded marshes in pine rocklands. , Did You Know?, Interesting foliage

The entire state excepting the keys falls within the range of this plant which extends from North Carolina to Texas.   Herbarium specimens document oc , Tolerance, Unknown Unknown , Habitat, Wet flatwoods, savannas, acidic swamps , Did You Know?, Showy flowers

This species is listed as Endangered by the State of Florida.  Please acquire only from reputable sources with proper permits. Grow as a sprawling vi , Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges. High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt , Wildlife, Provides food for birds. , Habitat, Coastal hammocks esp. on dunes. , Did You Know?, Showy flowers Attracts a variety of insect pollinators including the Nessus sphinx (Amphion floridensis), Tantalus sphinx (Aellopus tantalus) and Ter

Often planted in restoration and mitigation wetlands. Makes a good plant to border retention ponds. Rain gardens and bioswales. , Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray. , Wildlife, Used for nesting and as a food source. Said to be deer resistant. , Habitat, Moist-wet sites. Disturbed wetlands. Very tolerant of grazing. , Did You Know?, Interesting foliage

Specimen tree. Red to yellow in the fall. , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Habitat, Steep stream banks and ridges, hammocks, bluffs. , Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers Attracts bees and other pollinators.

The genus name honors the English botanist William Vernon, who did fieldwork in North America. Back of a moist wildflower garden. Can also use on the , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray. , Habitat, Exposed sand and gravel bars of streams during low water, stream banks, hydric to wet mesic pine flatwoods. Rich soils. Ruderal. , Did You Know?, Showy flowers Nectar attracts butterflies and native beens.  Larval host for spring azure butterfly.