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Dicerandra spp.
All perennial Dicerandra species in Florida a rare and endangered. They appear to be closely related and form hybrid swarms if grown in a common garde
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Difficult to establish and hence rarely grown. Retain this if you have it on a site. These are abundant along some dry roadsides and retaining these w
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Habitat, Sandhill settings.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers
Attracts pollinators.
- Beloved in South Florida
- Can be kept narrow
- Completely bare in winter
- Recently classified invasive
- Compact size
Pteris bahamensis
Bahama ladder brake hybridizes with the non-native and invasive China brake (P. vittata) forming Delchamps' ladder brake (P. x delchampsii). Bahama la
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Needs periodic removal of old fronds -- cut the clumps back in winter or early spring.
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Habitat, Pine rockland, sinkhole (edges). On limestone.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Stunning during brief late spring bloom
- Tropical silhouette
- Striking and exotic
- Stunning
- Very rare
Cardiospermum corindum
Blooms all year. Recruits readily in the garden from seed.
Primarily recommended for natural landscapes and habitat restorations. Also butterfly gard
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Larval host plant for Miami blue (Hemiargus thomasi) and silver-banded hairstreak (Chlorostrymon simaethis) butterflies; occasional larval host for th
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Habitat, Coastal hammocks.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Larval host plant for Miami blue (Hemiargus thomasi) and silver-banded hairstreak (Chlorostrymon sim
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Beautiful rounded dense canopy
- Flowers profusely year round
Bidens alba
Many of us think of this is a weed that we allow to grow for its value to insects.
Casual settings, especially toward the rear of wildflower gardens
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Once you have this plant, you will always have this plant. It can be quite weedy. The seeds have barbs which stick to clothing and pet fur.
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Habitat, Ruderal.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts native bees, butterflies.
Larval host for the dainty sulphur (Nathalis iole) butterfly.
- Moderately salt tolerant
- Relatively uncommon in South Florida
- Attractive blue-green to silver leaflets
Rudbeckia spp.
Multiple species are native to Florida. Most are attractive and many are easy to grow. This is a catch-all for species not listed individually. Ple
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Small seed-eating birds pick out the seeds from the mature flower heads.
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Habitat, Vary by species. Mostly sandhills, bogs, roadsides, ruderal.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attract butterflies, bees and wasps.
- Long emerald crownshaft
- Can be grown indoors
- Somewhat drought tolerant
- Colorful new leafs
- No longer recommended
Calycanthus floridus
Informal settings where it can be a low hedge plant or specimen. Plant forms small clusters by suckering, so give it room.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, In the right conditions, the suckering will be aggressive.
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Habitat, Mesic-wet mesic sites. Slope forests, bluffs, riverine floodplain, upland hardwood forest, slope forest, bottomland forest. Found on stream banks.
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Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Fall color, Showy flowers
Mostly pollinated by sap beetles. The beetles are drawn by the scent of fermentation, and they work their
- Beautiful pinwheel flowers, often multicolored
- Unique, sweet, almond-like flavor
- Elegant and stately
Solidago odora var. chapmanii
This forms clumps but does not form large clones, which means it will not take over a garden.
Wildflower garden
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Songbirds such as goldfinches and sparrows eat the seeds, and mice and deer browse the foliage and flowers.
Provides cover for many small animals inc
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Habitat, Typically a plant of mesic to dry flatwoods and scrubby flatwoods. Can be ruderal.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Used for nectar by butterflies.
Attracts a wide variety of pollinators, especially bees. Documented bee visitors include Colletes maiz
- Not as popular as it once was
- Slow Growth
- Long-lived perennial
- Native
Osmundastrum cinnamomeum
Called cinnamon fern because of the color of its fertile fronds. In Florida it sends up its fertile fronds in the spring and fall; farther north in it
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, This species typically grows on seepage edges of swamps and in the upper reaches of baygalls (bay swamps). It is not found in long-term standing wate
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
- Unique swollen blue-green to silver trunk
- Magnificent
- Excellent small to medium hedge
- Attractive shade tree
- Beautiful shiny green leaves
- Attractive flowers, typically deep orange
Cakile lanceolata
Pronuciation : Ca-ki-le lan-see-oh-lay-tuh The searocket blooms July through September. Annual to short-lived perennial.
Searocket is best used to ho
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and salt
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Habitat, Coastal dunes. Identified along the Indian River lagoon and the Atlantic shoreline to the Gulf and across to the panhandle of Florida.
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Did You Know?, Hurricane wind resistance
Attracts butterflies and bees.
Larval host for the great southern white(Ascia monuste phileta).
- Mostly bare in the coldest months
- Prominent blue-gray crownshaft
- Striking and exotic
- Rare and unique
- Extremely popular
Zamia integrifolia
Although palm-like in appearance, this is a cycad, a primitive group of non-flowering plants. It is listed as commercially exploited by the state of F
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, Grows slowly.
Seeds, foliage, and roots are toxic.
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Habitat, Upland hardwood forests, high pine, coastal hammocks, shell middens.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
Larval host for the rare atala butterfly (Eumaeus atala florida) which is restricted to South Florida and the echo moth (Sierarct
- Stunning long emerald crownshaft
- Falls over easily, may require staking
- Imposing stature
- Killed by citrus greening (HLB)
- Forms an open canopy
Oenothera laciniata
As the name infers, the flowers of this plant open at night. Once the sun starts coming up, the flowers will begin to wilt. By night fall the flowers
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, This species can be weedy.
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Wildlife, Bobwhite, mourning dove and gold finches feed on the seeds
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Habitat, Cutleaf evening-primrose is found most often in sandy and limerock based soils, and favors disturbed areas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts native bees, butterflies and moths. Especially interesting to native bees.
- Sprawling and informal shrub
- Prominant olive crownshaft
- Available single or multi-stalked
- Long-lasting year-round blooms
- Not a true pine
Amsonia tabernaemontana
Wildflower garden. Also useful as a cut flower.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Poisonous foliage.
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Wildlife, Avoided by mammalian herbivores.
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Habitat, Moist hammocks, ruderal.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers
he flowers attract long-tongued insects such as carpenter bees, hummingbird moths, and butterflies. Ruby-throated hummingbi
- Produces aromatic flowers year-round
- Relatively uncommon in South Florida
- Unusually shaped, asymmetrical tree
- Bright red fruits
- Thick branching into attractive silouttes
- Elegant
