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Ilex opaca
Both male and female plants required for pollination and seed set.
Specimen tree. Screen.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Sharp spines (teeth) on leaves.
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds.
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Habitat, Upland woods, second bottom but will not tolerate long flooding. Often an understory plant.
Documented in Lee County in a site likely to be natural.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Bees pollinate flowers.
- Fruit eaten by birds
- Does best in warmer areas of South Florida
- Moderately slow growth
Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum
Edible, very hot fruits
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds (especially mockingbirds) eat the green, un-ripened peppers.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits
Attracts bees.
- Pineapple-like showy fruits (female plants)
- Bright red fruits
- Does poorly in very wet soil
- Attractive flowers, typically deep orange
Eryngium yuccifolium
Can be used as an accent plant or grown in the mid-rear of the garden. Also suitable in wildflower gardens. Its broad tolerance of soil and moisture c
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, The coarse foliage and prickly balls of flowers are not popular as a source of food with mammalian herbivores, although they may nibble off the ends o
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Habitat, Moist-moist-wet sites. Cutthroat seeps, savannas, wet flatwoods, wet prairie, coastal flatwoods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Attracts many kinds of insects, including long-tongued bees, short-tongued bees, wasps, flies, butte
- Christmas tree shape
- Decorative diamond-shaped trunk pattern
- Flowers profusely year round
Asimina obovata
Understory shrub.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Difficult to transplant because of long taproot.
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Wildlife, Small mammals and birds harvest the fruit.
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Habitat, Dry hammocks, dry hardwood forests, sandhill, clayhill, scrub
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Larval host for zebra swallowtail (Eurytides marcellus) and pawpaw sphinx (Dolba hyloeus).
Pollinated by flies and
- Tall and romantic
- Relatively uncommon in South Florida
- Beautiful rounded canopy
Agarista populifolia
Toxic to humans. and some animals.
Specimen plant, foundation planting, screen.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Old stems should be pruned. Plant tends to sucker, so plant where suckers are an asset.
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Wildlife, Some birds and other wildlife consume fruit. Foliage is poisonous.
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Habitat, Seepage areas, moist hammocks, swamps, river floodplains
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
Attracts bees and butterflies.
- Highly wind tolerant
- Showy red berries
- Lovely deep green, glossy leaves
- Beloved in South Florida
- Critically endangered
- Excellent small to medium hedge
Spartina spartinae
Primarily useful for coastal restoration projects.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of frequent or regular inundation (usually areas with tidal inundation)
High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and
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Wildlife, Attracts birds. Nesting and resting habitat.
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Habitat, Salt marshes, dunes.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
- Ringed trunk
- Colorful fall foliage
- Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
- Adequate moisture required
- Distinctive-looking fruit with spiked exterior
Coreopsis leavenworthii
Coreopsis is the State wildflower.
Cultivated flower beds, wildflower gardens, meadows, and butterfly gardens.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Self-seeds and so could become weedy.
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Habitat, Moist to wet flatwoods, marl prairies, sandhill, scrub, and disturbed areas. Common on moist, open roadsides.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts small butterflies.
Source of nectar and pollen for honeybees, native bees, and wasps.
- Long emerald crownshaft
- Falls over easily, may require staking
- Beautiful silhouette
- Attractive silver-gray foliage
Bourreria cassinifolia
Listed as Endangered in Florida. Please acquire only from reputable nurseries.
The US range is limited to Florida. Globally, it is also found in the W
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Attracts hummingbirds
Fruits are harvested by a variety of birds
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Habitat, Marshes, ruderal in disturbed wet areas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts a variety of pollinators including bees and many types of butterflies including Julieas, zebra longwings, skippers, sulphurs.
- Stately and uncommon
- Adequate moisture required
- Underutilized
- No longer recommended
Tradescantia roseolens
The cells of the stamen hairs of some Tradescantia are colored blue, but when exposed to sources of ionizing radiation such as gamma rays, the cells m
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, May cause allergic reaction in dogs and cats characterized by red itchy skin.
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Wildlife, Attracts pollinators.
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Habitat, Sandhill, scrub and disturbed areas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
- Massive stature when mature
- Unique, sweet, almond-like flavor
- Fast growth
- Unique swollen blue-green to silver trunk
- Moderately slow growth
- Requires protection from strong winds
Hyptis alata
Moist wildflower garden.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Attracts hummingbirds (Treasure Coast Natives blog).
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Habitat, Low flatwoods, wet prairie, coastal swales, pond margins, marshy roadsides.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Recorded visitors include bees, butterflies, and wasps (Treasure Coast Natives blog).
- Prominent pale green or blue-gray crownshaft
- Majestic and graceful
- Lovely deep green, glossy leaves
Mitchella repens
This little plant produces two flowers with ovaries that fuse into a single fruit.
Typically grown as a curiosity. This is a very small plant that a
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Birds and small mammals consume the berries which mature in the fall and are retained through the winter and spring.
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Habitat, Hammocks, upland hardwood forests, upland mixed forest, seep slopes, second bottom and levees in floodplains.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
Bumblebees pollinate the flowers. Cross-pollination, required for seed set, is controlled by factors
- Lush, dense shade tree
- Wonderfully fragrant, carries a great distance
- Fruit eaten by birds
Cirsium horridulum
Natural landscapes including meadows and butterfly gardens.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Considertions, Purple thistle is a thorny plant - be very careful when handling.
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Wildlife, The seeds are rich in oil, an important food source for seed-eating birds.
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Habitat, Coastal plain, edges of salt marshes, pinewoods, prairies and disturbed areas.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage, Thorns
Larval host to little metalmark (Calephelis virginiensis) and painted lady (Vanessa cardui) butterflies.
N
- Swollen, succulent branches
- Attracts butterflies and bees
- Readily pruned into attractive shapes
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Mostly bare in the coldest months
