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Ilex opaca
Both male and female plants required for pollination and seed set.
Specimen tree. Screen.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Sharp spines (teeth) on leaves.
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Wildlife, Fruits are eaten by birds.
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Habitat, Upland woods, second bottom but will not tolerate long flooding. Often an understory plant.
Documented in Lee County in a site likely to be natural.
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Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance
Bees pollinate flowers.
- Fruit eaten by birds
- Does best in warmer areas of South Florida
- Moderately slow growth
Prunus serotina
The range of Prunus serotina includes most of eastern North America as far north as southern Canada. It extends west into Texas and there are spotty
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Considertions, Leaves and twigs are highly poisonous to livestock, pets and humans.
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Wildlife, Birds and other animals eat the fruits. Birds are the primary disperser into old fields and hedge rows.
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Habitat, Dry sites. Upland mixed forest, upland hardwood forest, secondary woods, old fields, sandhill, ruderal areas.
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Did You Know?, Fall color, Showy flowers
Bees are pollinators.
Larval host for tiger swallowtail.
- Very slow growth
- Attracts butterflies and bees
- Formal appearance
- Breathtaking and memorable
- Dense attractive foliage
Erithalis fruticosa
This plant is considered to be Threatened in Florida. Please preserve in the landscape and acquire new plants in an environmentally sound manner (seed
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray would be uncommon (
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Wildlife, Wildlife food and shelter.
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Habitat, Coastal scrub, hammocks, pine rocklands, coastal flats.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage
- Somewhat drought tolerant
- Narrow enough for tight spaces
- Attractive variegated foliage
- Prominent pale green crownshaft
Sabal minor
Use as a small specimen shrub in moist areas. Can also be used in floodplains.
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Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges.
Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray.
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Wildlife, Used by birds for nesting and food. A wide variety of animals eat the fruit.
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Habitat, Shallowly inundated floodplain forest, shallow set sinks, hydric seep slopes and immediately adjacent mesic slopes, hydric hammock, moist mesic hammoc
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
Pollinated by bees.
- Often hosts orchids, ferns and bromiliads
- Does best in warmer areas of South Florida
- Tall and romantic
- Easily trimmed to maintain desired size
- Wonderfully fragrant
Penstemon laevigatus
Informal shady semi-shady gardens.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Moist hardwood forests
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts bees, butterflies.
Larval host for common buckeye (Junonia coenia).
- Prominent blue-gray crownshaft
- Prized scent, used in commercial perfumes
- Prominant gray-olive crownshaft
- Raised diamond-shaped trunk pattern
Gleditsia triacanthos
Very thorny. In the northern parts of its range, a thornless cultivar is planted.
Specimen tree. To avoid insect issues, best not to plant in large n
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo
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Considertions, Very sharp thorns. Tree is short-lived in the southern parts of its range (includes Florida).
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Wildlife, The seed pods have edible sweet pulp and are eaten by deer, opossums, squirrels, crows, starlings, and quail.
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Habitat, Upper portions of riverine floodplains, fertile uplands, stream banks. Planted in upland areas.
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Did You Know?, Thorns
Larval host for Epargyreus clarus (Silver-Spotted Skipper) and several moths including Catocala innubens (The Betrothed), Catocala minuta (Lit
- Tall and stately
- Flowers year round
- Wonderfully fragrant
- Pleasant rounded shape
- Prolific fruiter
- Excellent small to medium hedge
Coreopsis leavenworthii
Coreopsis is the State wildflower.
Cultivated flower beds, wildflower gardens, meadows, and butterfly gardens.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Self-seeds and so could become weedy.
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Habitat, Moist to wet flatwoods, marl prairies, sandhill, scrub, and disturbed areas. Common on moist, open roadsides.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Attracts small butterflies.
Source of nectar and pollen for honeybees, native bees, and wasps.
- Long emerald crownshaft
- Falls over easily, may require staking
- Beautiful silhouette
- Attractive silver-gray foliage
Lythrum alatum var. lanceolatum
Some literature sources suggest that this species may have some salt tolerance as it apparently grows along the upper edges of some salt marshes, but
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Habitat, Moist-wet sites. Wet flatwoods, roadside ditches in former flatwoods.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
This plant is an insect magnet!
It attracts insects including long-tongued bees, green metallic bees, bee flies, butterflies, and skipp
- Ideal for smaller spaces
- Abundance of orange-red flowers in summer
- Long-lasting year-round blooms
- Extremely versatile
- Elegant appearance
- Somewhat drought tolerant
Hyptis alata
Moist wildflower garden.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Wildlife, Attracts hummingbirds (Treasure Coast Natives blog).
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Habitat, Low flatwoods, wet prairie, coastal swales, pond margins, marshy roadsides.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers
Recorded visitors include bees, butterflies, and wasps (Treasure Coast Natives blog).
- Prominent pale green or blue-gray crownshaft
- Majestic and graceful
- Lovely deep green, glossy leaves
Acoelorraphe wrightii
Specimen plant, typically forms clumps of stems,the young fan-shaped fronds hide the principal stems. The lower fronds can be removed so that the trun
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Tolerance, Tolerant of inundation with brackish water
Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray would be uncommon (
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Considertions, Leaf stalks bear spines.
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Wildlife, Fruits spread by birds.
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Habitat, Moist hammocks, swamps, but can adapt to drier sites.
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Did You Know?, Interesting foliage, Thorns, Hurricane wind resistance
Attracts bees.
- Elegant and stately
- Grows tall, but not massive
- Easy/Carefree native
- Bright red fruits
- Slender and elegant
Argemone mexicana
This is one of Florida's most showy and most under-appreciated wildflowers. Look for it along disturbed roadsides in mid-late winter and early spring.
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Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water.
Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray
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Considertions, Sharp thorn-like prickles cover most of the plant. Highly toxic.
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Habitat, Ruderal areas. Common on dry roadsides.
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Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Thorns
Attracts pollinators including bees, flies, and beetles. Documented bee species include Apis mellifera (honeybee), Dialictus
- Lovely dark green, shiny leaves
- Prominant gray-olive crownshaft
- Very showy clusters of red flowers
- Thrives only briefly, about 1 year
- Fruit eaten by birds
- Fragrant in the evening
